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Date Posted: 04:44:45 08/04/06 Fri
Cum nimis absurdum was a papal bull issued by Pope Paul IV dated July 14, 1555 and taking its name from its first words, translated1 "Since it is absurd and utterly inconvenient that the Jews, who through their own fault were condemned by God to eternal slavery…" and therefore placing religious and economic restrictions on Jews in the Papal States. The bull renewed anti-Jewish legislation and subjected Jews to various restrictions on their personal freedom and degradations like forcing Jewish males to wear a yellow hat, and females a yellow kerchief (see Yellow badge), compulsory Catholic sermons on the Jewish Shabbat, and Jews being forbidden to own real estate or practice medicine among Christians. The bull also created the Roman Ghetto, where the Jews of Rome, who had lived freely since antiquity, were segregated in a walled quarter with three gates that were locked at night. Jews were also restricted to one synagogue per city. The following Pope Pius IV enforced the creation of other ghettos in most Italian towns, and his successor Pope Pius V recommended them to other bordering states. 
Calls for calm after synagogue attack July 31, 2006 12:59pm AUSTRALIA'S Jewish community has appealed for calm after a Sydney suburban synagogue was attacked in the latest expression of anti-Semitism tied to the conflict in the Middle East. Parramatta Synagogue had projectiles hurled at it and blocks of concrete thrown at nearby cars about 9pm (AEST) yesterday.Shortly after the incident witnesses told police they saw a group of about 10 Middle Eastern men laughing and running down a nearby street. Rabbi Wernick and his young family were inside a house attached to the synagogue in Mason Street when it was attacked, and said the conflict between Israel and Lebanon may have been the trigger. NSW Jewish Board of Deputies chief executive Vic Alhadeff has today called on all members of society to respect Australia's diversity and tolerance. "Our message is that Australia is a wonderful society which is known for its acceptance of diversity and its strong ethic of tolerance," Mr Alhadeff said. "And we the Jewish community absolutely subscribe to that and abide by that and we would hope that all our fellow Australians would have that same approach." He said there had been a rise in incidents of anti-Semitism tied to the recent conflict in the Middle East. "There's been an increase in expressions of anti-Semitism in the form of anti-Semitic graffiti, emails and abusive phone calls, and also the incident at the Parramatta Synagogue." But he called on those who felt strongly about what is happening in the Middle East not to bring the conflict onto the streets of Australia. "We feel very strongly that no mosque, church or synagogue anywhere should be attacked and it is of great concern when there are elements within our society who choose to bring the issues of the Middle East into the streets of Australia."
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