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Date Posted: 16:33:16 07/12/03 Sat
Author: Mr John D Clare
Subject: Yalta
In reply to: 's message, "COLD WAR" on 14:52:43 07/05/03 Sat

This is a boring question!
Yalta did 5 main things:
1. set up the UN - this was Roosevelt's main aim (as it had been Woodrow Wilson's aim to set up the LoN at Versailles), and this was his main hope for keeping the USSR in check. Roosevelt admitted that he had not managed to restrain Stalin at Yalta. Stalin wasn't really wooried by the UN, because he just intended to ignore it.
2. hold free democratic elections in all the liberated countries of Europe. This looks like a set-back to Stalin, but again, he would not have been too worried, because his definition of 'democracy' was very different to Roosevelt's and Churchill's, and he just intended to do what he wanted in eastern Europe anyway.
3. set up a free government in Poland. This WAS a set-back for Stalin, but he just ignored it.
4. divide Germany into four zones of occupation. This was an apparent compromise, but it was a REAL SETBACK for Roosevelt and Churchill, because left Russian troops in eastern Europe, and Russia in charge of organising the post-war 'liberation' of eastern Europe. Roosevelt and Churchill did NOT succeed in getting Stalin's agreement to withdraw the Red Army from Europe, and it was from this time that Churchill began to distrust Stalin's motives (which led, ultimately, to the 'Iron Curtain' speech). This point was a real triumph for Stalin.
5. set up a committee to decide on reparations - but also gave Russia the right to take reparations in kind (machinery/ investments etc). This, again, was a disaster for Roosevelt and Churchill, because it gave Russia the right to strip eastern Europe of anything it wanted, and ensured that eastern Europe would forever be under Russia's power. This point was a real triumph for Stalin.

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