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Date Posted: 09:55:33 04/15/03 Tue
Author: John D Clare
Subject: Japan suggestions
In reply to: 's message, "Japan" on 03:56:53 04/15/03 Tue

POLICY
1. Nationalist – the Japanese coined the slogan ‘Asia for the Asians’ as early as the Japan-Russia war of 1904-5.
2. Dictatorship – Japanese emperor all-powerful.
3. Aggrieved – Japan was an ally of Britain during WWI, but got little from the peace settlements. The Washington Naval agreement of 1922 only allowed Japan one ship to Britain’s 5. Many Japanese believed it was time to even the score.
4. Army – Japan had a military tradition, and the govt was increasingly dominated by the army.
5. Great Depression. In the 1920s and 1930s the silk trade collapsed. Thousands of peasants were impoverished. The army’s solution was similar to Hitler’s lebensraum policy in Europe – get land for the peasants in China.
6. Empire – Japan had few raw materials/natural resources and wanted an empire (a ‘co-prosperity sphere’ as they called it) to secure these for Japanese industry.
7. Anti-communism – Japan saw Manchuria as a buffer against communist Russia; already kept its Kwantung army there.

ACTIONS
1931 – took advantage of an explosion on the South Manchurian Railway to conquer Manchuria and set up a puppet government (Manchuko, 1932) run by the former Emperor of China.
1933 – left the League of Nations when ordered to leave Manchuria/ occupied Jehol in China.
1936 – formed anti-Comintern (anti-communist countries) pact with Germany.
1937 – invaded China.
1937 – forms Axis with Germany and Italy
1941 – invades Indo-China
Dec 1941 – Pearl Harbor

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