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Date Posted: 11:49:16 07/16/03 Wed
Author: Gerson Gonzaga dos Santos
Subject: Task_11

Explain what a genre-based approach is.


As Gazzoti has pointed out, ‘genres’can be seen as rules created and defined by human beings to use the language for specific reason in specific contexts. So, genre-based approach may be defined as a language teaching and learning based on specific uses of the language into particular contexts. In other words, genre-based approach focuses on certain social conventions that we use for organising messages.
There are three different definitions to genre. The first one is ‘Systematic Functional’. This definition takes genre ‘as a staged, goal oriented social process’in which ‘involves the interaction of participants using language in a conventional, step-wise structure’. The second view, defined by ‘ESP perspective’, sees genre as ‘class of communicative events linked by shared purpose recognized by the members of a particular community. The third one is from ‘New Rhetoric. In this definition, genre is taken by the action that is used to accomplish. It means that genre concerns more with actions than the form of discourse.
As Gallagher has pointed out, a genre-based approach aims to teach how texts are created from a particular context and for a specific use such as essay, reports, newspapers, advertisaments, and so on. So, through genre-based approach, students are supposed to work not with isolated sentences , but with whole texts in order to produce coeherent texts in each contexts. Gallagher aslso pointed out that it is important to work with authentic texts from outside the language classroom in order to provide to the students real use of the language. Michael Critichley in his article ‘Adapting Genre Theory to EFL Contexts, reminds us that ‘all languages people organise texts according to what is appropriate for their society’. It means that each text deals with its own ‘language’ (vocabulary, grammar, discourse, etc.) in the society.
In summary, genre-based approach is a way to teach the different genres used in writting texts as well as the specific purpose that each of them have into the context in which they are produced for.

References
GAZZOTTI, M.A. Genres: an alternative to ELT. New Routes. March, 1999. p.14-18
GAZZOTTI, M.A. Genres: an alternative to ELT. New Routes. March, 1999. p.18-19
http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/LANGUAGELEARNING/OtherResources/GlssryOfLnggLrnngTrms/WhatIsAGenre.htm
http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enhyland/lectures_1-10.htm
http://www.encounters.jp/mike/professional/publications/bevseminar.html
Writing across genres <>

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