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Date Posted: 07:53:27 06/06/03 Fri
Author: Maria Cristina Cambraia
Subject: Task 5

Your task is to compare the two texts and give your own opinion about how language is acquired.

The Krashen’s Theory do a distinction between: Acquisition – the product of a subconscious process, similar the children process, when they acquire their first language; and Learning – the product of formal instruction, a conscious process which result in conscious knowledge about language. This distinction give to the monitor a role in the Learning process. He/ She should be correct deviations from normal speech and give speech a more polished appearance. His theory suggest that the acquisition of grammatical structures follow a natural order which is predictable, although he rejects grammatical sequencing.
The Input hypothesis of Krashen’s attempt to explain how the learner acquires a second language. So in this hypothesis is only concerned with acquisition: The learner progresses when receives second language input that is one step beyond his/her current stage of linguistic competence.
Finally, the Affective Filter hypothesis show us that when there are low motivation, self-esteem, and debilitating anxiety can combine form a mental block.

Comparing this aspects with Fractal Theory I can perceive:
Firstly, Is not the aim of Vera distingue between learning and acquire, for her acquisition is a type of learning, as have others. She present a non-linear way of thinking, not necessarily systematic, objective and generalizable. Although it is complex system combined with others sub-systems equally complex.
While Krashen’s viewpoint is centered on the question of input and Vygotsky’s on interaction, in Fractal Theory is considered a set of connections within a dynamic system that moves in the direction of the “limit of chaosedge of chaos”, meaning a zone of creativity with the maximum potential for learning.

Secondly, Krashen’s attribute the ‘input’ as the bit beyond the individual’s current stage, while in Fractal Model the process in language learning is attribute to connections of sub-systems: biological, cognitive, affective, motivations, historical and social context, affiliation, input, creation of automatic habits and interaction.

Thirty, while Krashen’s defend the hypothesis of Affective Filter, where negatives feelings can produce a block mind, and positives can help the learner in development, Fractal Model present several factors that can interfere in the process, not just “affective variables”.

In my opinion, as mentioned by Vera, “each human is unique, the semiotic processes and connections made will also unique”, so the acquisition will occur differently, for each person. Methods can direct the learners according with its objectives (according to dominant theory), but is essential that it promote the autonomy of them. The learner should be the main part of the process, each one with his/her particularities.

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