Faint Young Sun -- Science Disproves Evolution

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If, as evolutionists teach, the solar system evolved from a spinning dust and gas cloud 4.5 billion years ago, the slowly condensing Sun would have radiated 25�30% less heat during its first 600 million years than it radiates today (a). (A drop in the Sun�s radiation of only a few percent would freeze all our oceans.) Had this happened anytime in the past, let alone for 600 million years, the ice�s mirror like surfaces would have reflected more of the Sun�s radiation into outer space, cooling Earth even more in a permanent, runaway deep-freeze. If it had, all agree that life could not have evolved.

Evolutionists first tried to solve this �faint young Sun� problem by assuming Earth�s atmosphere once had up to a thousand times more heat-trapping carbon dioxide than today. No evidence supports this and much opposes it (b). Actually, large amounts of carbon dioxide on a cool Earth would have produced �carbon dioxide ice clouds high in the atmosphere, reflecting the Sun�s radiation into outer space and locking Earth into a permanent ice age� (c).

A second approach assumes that Earth�s atmosphere had a thousand times more ammonia and methane, other heat-trapping gases. Unfortunately, sunlight quickly destroys both gases, and at high concentrations methane produces a haze that would have cooled Earth�s surface rather than warming it (d). Besides, ammonia would readily dissolve in water, making oceans toxic (e).

A third approach assumes that Earth had no continents, had much more carbon dioxide in its atmosphere, and rotated once every 14 hours, so most clouds were concentrated at the equator. With liquid water covering the entire Earth, more of the Sun�s radiation would be absorbed, raising Earth�s temperature slightly. All three assumptions are questionable (f).

Evolutionists have never explained in any of these approaches how such drastic changes could occur in almost perfect step with the slow increase in the Sun�s radiation. Until some evidence supports such �special pleadings,� it does not appear that the Sun evolved (g).

If the Sun, a typical and well-studied star, did not evolve, then why presume other stars did?

a. Gregory S. Jenkins et al., �Precambrian Climate: The Effects of Land Area and Earth�s Rotation Rate,� Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 98, 20 May 1993, pp. 8785�8791.

This paper acknowledges that if the Earth rotated almost twice as fast as it does today, this problem would be lessened�but not solved. Still required are a flooded Earth and an atmosphere with 30�300 times more carbon dioxide than today.

b. Let�s assume an old Earth and at least a fifth of the atmospheric carbon dioxide needed to prevent a runaway ice age had been present throughout the Earth�s first 2,750,000,000 years. That carbon dioxide would have combined with weathered rocks to produce large amounts of the mineral siderite (FeCO3). Siderite is missing from ancient soils, showing that the concentrations of carbon dioxide needed to prevent a frozen Earth were never present. [See Rob Rye et al., �Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentrations before 2.2 Billion Years Ago,� Nature, Vol. 378, 7 December 1995, pp. 603�605.]

�There is no direct evidence to show that carbon dioxide levels were ever a thousand times higher.� Gregory Jenkins, as quoted by Tim Folger, �The Fast Young Earth,� Discover, November 1993, p. 32.

c . William R. Kuhn, �Avoiding a Permanent Ice Age,� Nature, Vol. 359, 17 September 1992, p. 196.

d. �The methane greenhouse effect is limited, however, because organic haze starts to form [chemically] at CH4/CO2 ratios higher than ~0.1, and this creates an anti-greenhouse effect that cools the surface if the haze becomes too thick.� James F. Kasting, �Faint Young Sun Redux,� Nature, Vol. 464, 1 April 2010, p. 688.

e. In 1972, Carl Sagan and George H. Mullen first proposed that the early Earth had lots of heat-trapping methane and ammonia. They had no evidence for early methane and ammonia; they simply were looking for something that might have warmed the Earth, so there would have been no runaway deep freeze and life could have evolved. At the time of Sagan�s death (1996), he was still looking.

f. �Despite all of these proposed warming mechanisms, there are still reasons to think that the faint young Sun problem is not yet solved. Ice albedo feedback has been neglected in all of these one-dimensional climate calculations.� Kasting, p. 688.

g. For a frank admission of these and other �special pleadings,� see Carl Sagan and Christopher Chyba, �The Early Faint Sun Paradox: Organic Shielding of Ultraviolet-Labile Greenhouse Gases,� Science, Vol. 276, 23 May 1997, pp. 1217�1221.