Big Bang? 7 -- Science Disproves Evolution

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Helium. Contrary to what is commonly taught, the big bang theory does not explain the amount of helium in the universe; the theory was adjusted to fit the amount of helium (k). Ironically, the lack of helium in certain types of stars (B type stars) (l) and the presence of beryllium and boron in �older� stars (m) contradicts the big bang theory.

k. �And no element abundance prediction of the big bang was successful without some ad hoc parameterization to �adjust� predictions that otherwise would have been judged as failures.� Van Flandern, p. 33.

�It is commonly supposed that the so-called primordial abundances of D, 3He, and 4He and 7Li provide strong evidence for Big Bang cosmology. But a particular value for the baryon-to-photon ratio needs to be assumed ad hoc to obtain the required abundances.� H. C. Arp et al., �The Extragalactic Universe: An Alternative View,� Nature, Vol. 346, 30 August 1990, p. 811.

�The study of historical data shows that over the years predictions of the ratio of helium to hydrogen in a BB [big bang] universe have been repeatedly adjusted to agree with the latest available estimates of that ratio as observed in the real universe. The estimated ratio is dependent on a ratio of baryons to photons (the baryon number) that has also been arbitrarily adjusted to agree with the currently established helium to hydrogen ratio. These appear to have not been predictions, but merely adjustments of theory (�retrodictions�) to accommodate current data.� Mitchell, p. 7.

D. W. Sciama, Modern Cosmology (London: Cambridge University Press, 1971), pp. 149�155.

m. �Examining the faint light from an elderly Milky Way star, astronomers have detected a far greater abundance [a thousand times too much] of beryllium atoms than the standard Big Bang model predicts.� Ron Cowen, �Starlight Casts Doubt on Big Bang Details,� Science News, Vol. 140, 7 September 1991, p. 151.

Gerard Gilmore et al., �First Detection of Beryllium in a Very Metal Poor Star: A Test of the Standard Big Bang Model,� The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 378, 1 September 1991, pp. 17�21.

Ron Cowen, �Cosmic Chemistry: Closing the Gap in the Origin of the Elements,� Science News, Vol. 150, 2 November 1996, pp. 286�287.