| Subject: Re: Tren doi nay con nhieu trai dep , viec gi ma phai chuyen cho lam chu ? |
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Nguoi dep trai
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Date Posted: 16:27:19 07/17/01 Tue
Author Host/IP: NoHost/203.162.49.17
In reply to:
Harry
's message, "Tren doi nay con nhieu trai dep , viec gi ma phai chuyen cho lam chu ?" on 21:06:42 07/11/01 Wed
>>Toi co chuyen the nay: o cung cho toi lam co mot nguoi
>>dep trai cuc ky, noi chung la vo cung hap dan ve mat
>>ngoai hinh: to cao dep trai va goi giang, toi
>>khonghieu tai sao lai co nguoi duoc ong troi ban phat
>>nhieu thu den vay.
>>That su la toi phat dien len vi anh ta nhung khon noi
>>anh ay la nguoi binh thuong, vay toi phai lam sao day
>>de song binh thuong ben canh mot nguoi tuyet voi nhu
>>the. Toi nhieu luc chi muon so soang om ap len nguoi
>>ay nhung toi khong the boc lo nhung hanh vi nhu vay,
>>tat ca se sup do neu anh ay nhin toi bang con mat
>>khinh bi... Hay la toi phai chuyen cho lam?
>
>-------------------------------------------------------
>----
> Giua duong gap duoc nguoi quen thi phai chao mot
>tieng , chao anh Nguyen . Hy vong la o day se co nguoi
>gop cho anh nhung y kien hay nhe ! Thoi toi di lam
>cong viec cua toi day , chuc anh mot ngay vui ve !
> Harry
----------------------------
Toi cung dep trai day,
Nhung toi cho mai chang co ai den de so soang toi het. lam sao bay gio?
NGUOI DEP TRAI
=================================================
>Toi co chuyen the nay: o cung cho toi lam co mot nguoi
>dep trai cuc ky, noi chung la vo cung hap dan ve mat
>ngoai hinh: to cao dep trai va goi giang, toi
>khonghieu tai sao lai co nguoi duoc ong troi ban phat
>nhieu thu den vay.
>That su la toi phat dien len vi anh ta nhung khon noi
>anh ay la nguoi binh thuong, vay toi phai lam sao day
>de song binh thuong ben canh mot nguoi tuyet voi nhu
>the. Toi nhieu luc chi muon so soang om ap len nguoi
>ay nhung toi khong the boc lo nhung hanh vi nhu vay,
>tat ca se sup do neu anh ay nhin toi bang con mat
>khinh bi... Hay la toi phai chuyen cho lam
POLITICAL REPORT
OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF VIET NAM CENTRAL COMMITTEE, EIGHTH TENURE, AT THE NINTH NATIONAL CONGRESS
Political Report of the Central Committee, Eighth Tenure, at the ninth National Congress
Ha Noi, April 19 (VNA) --The ninth National Congress of the Party convenes at a time of great significance. The 20th century has come to an end. The 21st century has just started. Our entire Party and people have experienced five years of implementation of the Resolution of the eighth Party Congress, 10 years of execution of the 1991-2000 Strategy for socio-economic stabilisation and development, and 15 years of renewal.
The ninth Congress is to review and evaluate past achievements and shortcomings, make decisions for the coming period, strive to raise the leadership capacity and combativeness of the Party, motivate and promote the strength of the whole nation, continue with the renewal process, step up industrialisation and modernisation, build and safeguard the socialist Vietnamese Homeland, and advance assuredly into the new century.
I. VIET NAM IN THE 20th CENTURY AND PROSPECTS IN THE 21st CENTURY
The 20th century has left extremely profound imprints in the history of mankind. It is a century of fastest ever advance of science and technology, with material production increasing dozens of times compared with the previous century; and of vigorous economic development intertwined with major crises of world capitalism and the acute rich-poor polarisation among countries and regions. It is a century with two bloody world wars and hundreds of armed conflicts. It is also a century that witnessed a far-reaching revolutionary movement on a world scale, with the victory of the Russian October Revolution - a great revolution that ushered in the era of transition from capitalism to socialism; the victory of the socialist revolution in a series of countries of Europe, Asia and Latin America; and the liberation of most colonies; the development of the international communist and workers' movement and the movements for peace and democracy, despite the regression of extant socialism in the last decade.
For our country, the 20th century has been one of great changes, of glorious struggle to regain national independence, freedom and unity, and build socialism, and one of historic and epoch-making exploits and victories.
From the end of the 19th century to the initial decades of the 20th century, our people time and again rose up against colonialism. Following the Van Than and Can Vuong movements, patriotic movements unfolded valiantly during the first three decades of the 20th century, from the Yen The uprising and the Dong Du, Dong Kinh Nghia Thuc and Duy Tan movements to the Yen Bai uprising, etc., but all failed for lack of a judicious political line.
In 1930, succeeding to the Viet Nam Revolutionary Youth League and predecessor communist organisations, the Communist Party of Viet Nam came into being, marking a turn of the Vietnamese revolution. Over the 71 years of its build-up and growth, the Party has led our people to great victories:
First, the triumph of the 1945 August Revolution and the founding the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam. This was the aggregate outcome of the revolutionary movements that had developed uninterruptedly throughout the 15 years following the founding of the Party, from the Xo Viet Nghe Tinh High-tide and the 1936-1939 democratic movement to the 1939-1945 national liberation movement, although at times drowned in blood. The colonial and semi-feudal regime in our country was wiped out, and a new era emerged, that of national independence closely linked with socialism.
Second, the triumph of the glorious wars of resistance for national liberation and defence, victories over colonialism and neo-colonialism, accomplishment of the people's national democratic revolution, reunification of the Homeland, and advance of the whole country toward socialism, making an important contribution to the struggle of the world people for peace, national independence, democracy and social progress.
Third, the success of the renewal process and the country's gradual transition to socialism. Inheriting the achievements and experiences of socialist construction in the North during the war and in the first years following the country's reunification, and after countless probes and experiments with the people's initiatives, our Party mapped out the renewal policy and led its implementation, to ensure socialist construction and national defence in conformity with Vietnamese reality and the new international conjuncture.
In the process of leading the revolution, our Party has at times committed mistakes and shortcomings; but it has conducted serious self-criticism, actively mended mistakes, and drawn valuable lessons.
With the successes recorded in the 20th century, ours has been turned from a colonial and semi-feudal country into an independent and free nation developing along the socialist line, with broad international relations and an increasingly important status in the region and the world. Once slaves, our people have become masters of the country and society. Once a poor and backward economy, our country has embarked upon the period of stepped-up industrialisation and modernisation.
We are proud of our nation - a heroic, intelligent and creative nation; we are proud of our Party - the Communist Party of Viet Nam founded, led and forged by President Ho Chi Minh - that has fought with devotion and made sacrifices for national independence and freedom and the people's wellbeing.
The 21st century will see more changes. Science and technology will make leaps forward. Knowledge-based economy will play an ever more remarkable role in the process of development of productive forces. Economic globalisation represents an objective trend involving more and more countries; this trend, dominated by a number of developed countries and transnational capitalist economic corporations, is fraught with contradictions, containing both positive and negative aspects, both cooperation and struggle. The basic contradictions in the world, manifested in various forms and to different extents, still exist and develop, growing more profound in certain respects. National struggle and class struggle continue to unfold with acuteness. The world is confronted with many global issues which cannot be solved by any single country without multilateral cooperation, such as environmental protection, control of population boom, repulse of perilous epidemics, combat against international crimes, etc. Contemporary capitalism is holding superiority in funds, science, technology, and markets; yet it cannot overcome the inherent contradictions, especially those between the growing socialised character of the productive forces and the capitalist private ownership of the means of production, and between developed capitalist countries and developing countries. Independent nations will intensify the struggle to choose and decide upon their own path of development. World socialism, learning from lessons of success and failure, and prompted by the aspirations and awakening of nations, has conditions and capabilities to generate a new development. Following the law of evolution of history, mankind will certainly attain socialism.
For the few decades to come, there is little likeliness for a world war. But, local wars, armed conflicts, ethnic and religious strives, arms race, intervention, subversion and terrorism will still occur in many places, increasingly complicated in nature. Peace, cooperation and development remain a major trend, reflecting a pressing demand of states and nations. The struggle for peace, national independence, democracy, people's wellbeing, and social progress and equity will make new forward strides. Southeast Asia and the Asia-Pacific region, after the financial-economic crisis, have capacities for dynamic development, but potentially destabilising factors remain.
Those new traits in the international and regional situation bear a strong impact on the situation of our country. There are ahead of us both major opportunities and major challenges.
Coupled with previous successes in national construction and defence, the great and very important achievements of the 15 years of renewal have increased significantly our country's vantage position and strength. The material-technical foundations of the economy have been enhanced. The country still possesses enormous potentials in terms of natural resources and labour. Our people are endowed with fine qualities. The socio-political situation remains basically stable. The peaceful environment, international cooperation and integration, and positive trends in the world are creating conditions for us to continue promoting internal synergy and comparative advantages, attracting external resources - capital, new technologies, managerial experience, and expanding markets - to the benefit of industrialisation and modernisation. Such are major opportunities.
At the same time, our country has to cope with many challenges. The four dangers once pointed out by our Party - our economy falling further behind many countries in the region and the world, deviation from the socialist orientation, corruption and bureaucratism, and "peaceful evolution" attempts by hostile forces - remain in existence, unfolding complicatedly, intertwined and interacting, none of them could be underestimated. It should be underlined that corruption and the degradation in political integrity, ethics and lifestyle of not a small segment of Party officials and members are hindering the implementation of Party guidelines, decisions and policies, causing resentment among the population and eroding their trust; and that ours remains an economically underdeveloped country where the people's living standards are still low, while international competition is becoming increasingly fierce; if we do not rapidly surge ahead, we will lag even further behind economically.
To seize opportunities, surmount challenges, and develop vigorously in the new period, such is for our Party and people an issue of vital significance. The 20th century has been for our nation one of valiant struggle and glorious victory. The 21st century will be for our people one of more and major successes in building socialism and defending the Homeland, thus helping ours keep abreast of developed countries in the world.
II. THE SITUATION OF THE COUNTRY IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS AND MAIN LESSONS OF THE 15 YEARS OF RENEWAL
The eighth Party Congress laid down the following tasks for the 1996-2000 period: to achieve a rapid, highly effective and sustainable economic growth along with solution of pressing social problems, ensure national defence and security, improve the people's living conditions, and increase accumulation from within the economy, thus creating solid premises for a higher measure of development at the beginning of the 21st century.
Over the past five years, beside certain favourable conditions, our country has met with numerous difficulties: the inherent weaknesses of the economy, successive sizeable natural disasters, the financial-economic crisis in a number of Asian countries, and the complicated world and regional situation. In such circumstances, our entire Party and people have devotedly implemented the eighth Congress Resolution, and recorded important achievements:
The economy has grown fairly well. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has increased by 7 percent annually on the average. Agriculture has developed continuously, especially food production. Aquatic cultivation and exploitation have been expanded. Industrial production has maintained an average yearly increase of 13.5 percent. The infrastructure system -- posts and telecommunications, roads, bridges, ports, airports, electricity, water conservancy, etc. -- has been enhanced. Services, exports and imports have also developed. In 2000, the downward trend in economic growth rate was halted, and the principal plan targets were either fulfilled or over-fulfilled.
Progress has been made in the cultural and social fields; and the people's life has enjoyed continued improvement. Education and training have developed in terms of scope and material basis. The people's intellectual level and the quality of human resources have been raised. Our country has attained the national standards for illiteracy eradication and primary education universalization. Positive changes have been registered in social sciences and the humanities, as well as in natural and technological sciences, bringing them closer to socio-economic development. Activities in the fields of culture, literature and arts, press and publication have contributed actively to motivating the entire population to participate in national construction and defence, in the improvement knowledge and the quality of life. The essential needs of the population regarding food, housing, clothing, health care, clean water, daily use electricity, education, travel, recreation, etc. have been met more adequately. The sports and physical training movements have developed; certain branches have scored high records at home and abroad. Greater efforts have been made in health care.
Employment has been provided to 1.2 million workhands annually. Hunger eradication and poverty alleviation on a countrywide scope have harvested outstanding results highly appreciated by world opinion. Many achievements have been obtained in population control and family planning, resulting in a United Nations award. Activities "remembering the source while drinking water", "paying debts of gratitude", taking care of revolutionary veterans, persons with meritorious services to the country, Hero Mothers, war invalids and families of fallen soldiers have been expanded, drawing in people of various callings, public agencies, people's organisations and business enterprises. People throughout the country have made donations in material wealth and labour as relief to compatriots in areas struck by serious natural disasters; taken part in numerous humanitarian-charity activities in favour of Agent Orange victims, the disabled, the supportless elderly, and children in utterly difficult situations.
The socio-political situation has been in the main stable; and national defence and security enhanced. The people's armed forces have discharged well the tasks of defending national independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity, and ensuring national security. The aggregate strength of the all-people national defence and people's security, particularly in strategic areas, border regions, the sea and islands, has been promoted. The army and security forces have been organisationally streamlined to keep up with new demands. Progress has been made in combining national defence and security with economic development and external relations.
Attention has been given to Party building and rectification, and the political system consolidated. Many Central Committee resolutions have outlined decisions and measures to consolidate the Party politically, ideologically, organisationally and in terms of personnel, and to enhance its leadership role. The Party as a whole has launched a Party building and rectification campaign, conducting self-criticism and criticism in the spirit of the Resolution of the sixth Central Committee Plenum (part 2), and eighth tenure. The State has carried on its building and improvement, and a step has been taken in reforming the administrative apparatus. The Fatherland Front and mass organisations have continued innovating their operations in content and mode alike. The people's right as masters has been promoted in various respects; as first steps, a number of policies and regulations guaranteeing the people's democratic rights, primarily at the grassroots, have been implemented.
External relations have been constantly broadened, and international economic integration proactively effected, yielding many good results. Our country has strengthened relations of friendship and multifaceted cooperation with socialist countries, neighbour countries and traditional friends; taken an active part in activities promoting mutually beneficial cooperation in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC); enhanced relations with developed countries, many other nations, and regional and international organisations; maintained trade relations with over 140 countries, and investment relations with nearly 70 countries and territories, attracting considerable foreign investments.
Our Party has continued to consolidate relations of solidarity and friendship with communist and workers' parties, and national independence and progressive movements the world over; and established relations with parties in power in a number of countries. People's, socio-political, peace and friendship organisations have expanded people's diplomatic activities, both in scope and geographical area, making active contributions to the successes of our Party and State on the external relations front.
The achievements of the past 5 years have increased our aggregate strength, changed our country's physiognomy and our people's life, firmly consolidated our national independence and socialist system, and improved the status and prestige of our country on the international arena.
The roots of the above-described achievements lie in the steadfast political willpower and judicious leadership guideline of our Party; the great efforts of our State in governance and management; and the promotion of patriotism, bravery, unity, assiduity, dynamism and creativeness by our people in the continuing process of renewal and active building and safeguarding of the socialist Vietnamese Homeland.
However, there remain the following weaknesses and shortcomings in the implementation of the eighth Congress Resolution:
Economic development is still unsteady, its efficiency and competitiveness low. The economic growth rate has dropped gradually over the past five years, only to see an increase recur in 2000 but not as high as in the mid-1990s. The growth rates of GDP, average GDP per capita, industrial production, services, and export-import values have not achieved the targets set by the eighth Congress. In general, labour productivity has remained low, product quality substandard, and costs high. Many agricultural, industrial and handicraft products have found no outlets either at home or abroad, partly for lack of competitiveness. Considerable areas of forest and other resources have been seriously damaged. Smuggling, counterfeit goods and commercial frauds have affected adversely the socio-economic situation. The financial-banking system has been weak and unhealthy. Economic structural shift has been slow. Investment structure has yet to be rational; investments have suffered from fragmentation, waste and heavy losses. Foreign direct investment has decreased, while shortcomings remain in its management and regulation. The production relations are yet to be appropriate in certain respects. The State economic sector has not been consolidated commensurate with its leading role; there have been no marked changes in the arrangement, renovation and development of State enterprises. The collective economic sector has not been strong.
Solution of certain pressing and acute socio-cultural problems has been slow. The rates of urban unemployment and rural underemployment have been high, and remain for society one of the most outstanding problems. The quality of education and training has been lower than required. There have been many defects related to objectives, contents, curricula, teaching and learning methods, textbooks, examinations, training structures, and management standards; and worrisome negative practices in education and training. Training has not been linked to utilisation, causing waste. Tuition costs have been higher than the affordability of the population, especially the poor. Education and training in mountain, hinterland and remote areas have met with numerous difficulties. Scientific and technological activities have not responded properly to the requirements of industrialisation, modernisation, and national construction and defence. The environment of urban areas, industrial centres and a number of rural regions have suffered from ever-heavier pollution. Management in the fields of press, culture and publication has been loose in many respects, resulting in unhealthy trends. Certain cultural values and social ethics have been on the decline; and superstition and backward habits, on the rise. The material basis of the public health service has been insufficient and outdated, especially at the district and commune levels. There have remained harassment and negative practices in medical examination and treatment, especially for the poor.
The living standards of the population, especially farmers, have been too low in certain localities. There have remained many irrationalities in the policies on remuneration and social distribution. The rich-poor polarisation has augmented rapidly among the various regions, between urban and rural areas, and among different sections of the population. Complaining and petitioning by the people in many localities have dragged on and become complicated, but not yet timely responded to by the authorities at various levels and in different sectors.
Traffic accidents have happened at a serious magnitude. Social vices, especially drug abuse and prostitution, have been spreading. The number of HIV carriers and AIDS patients has increased. Social order and safety have not been firmly assured.
Mechanisms and policies have not been well-coordinated and have failed to generate a strong driving force for development. Certain mechanisms and policies are still lacking, inconsistent, detached from life, and unfeasible. The authorities at many levels and in many sectors have failed to replace or revise obsolete State administration regulations; to introduce new mechanisms and policies capable of vigorously releasing productive forces and better tapping the abundant resources among the different economic sectors, enterprises, regions and society as a whole. There have been instances in which judicious policies are deformed through many bureaucratic administrative layers. After the promulgation of laws, issuance of their executive normatic documents has been very slow.
Corruption and the degradation in political ideology, ethics and lifestyle of not a small segment of Party officials and members have been very serious. Protracted corruption in the political system and many economic entities has become a major danger threatening our regime's survival. Waste and bureaucratism have been rather widespread.
The Central Committee wishes to proceed with a self-criticism before the Congress and the people for having been slow in overcoming the aforesaid shortcomings, without which our achievements could have been greater.
The above-mentioned state of things has both objective and subjective causes, of which the main are subjective:
The organisation for implementation of Party resolutions, decisions and policies has been improper; discipline not rigorous. Arbitrariness, inadequate sense of organisation, discipline and responsibility, non-observance of Party directives and resolutions and State laws and policies, dishonest reporting, and violation of the principle of democratic centralism have all made it difficult for a number of Party resolutions to enter practical life. At various levels and in different sectors, guidance and regulation have been deficient, and short of control, supervision and close coordination, leading to low effectiveness and efficiency. Many major tasks have been laid down but not properly executed, or simply stopped short at lip service. Many Party officials and members and public employees who had violated laws and Party Statutes have not been dealt with rigorously.
A number of viewpoints and decisions have yet to be clarified, and uniformly perceived and thoroughly grasped by different levels and sectors. There have been among Party officials and members differences in understanding and execution related to such issues as: shaping of a socialist-oriented market economy, promotion of the leading role of the State economic sector, renovation and development of State enterprises, equitization of State enterprises, land policy, farm economy, substance of and sequencing in industrialisation and modernisation, building of an independent and autonomous economy and proactive integration into the international economy, etc.
Administrative reforms have been slow and irresolute, and results meagre. The State apparatus has been organisationally cumbersome, with overlapping functions, numerous intermediaries and harassing administrative procedures; with not few cases of disharmonious actions between higher and lower levels, and central and local authorities, hindering socio-economic development and reducing development motives. Certain individuals and agencies, due to personal or local interests, have been reluctant to step up administrative reforms and reform of the State organisation and apparatus. Not a small number of public officials and employees have been substandard both in ethics and integrity, and in job qualifications, professional capacities and vocational skills.
Ideological work, theoretical work, and organisational and personnel work have been beset with weaknesses and inadequacies. Ideological work has lacked sharpness, high combativeness, and a flexible operational method, and failed to engender a correct perception and high unanimity regarding Party guidelines and viewpoints; political and ideological education has been irregular; tough criticism and resolute struggle have not been mounted against individualism, opportunism, blurred and erroneous viewpoints, and such tendencies as "commercialisation", xenophillic imitation, and running after vulgar tastes in the press, radio, television, culture, literature, arts and publication. Ideological work has not been linked to organisational work and the formulation of mechanisms and policies. Many Party organisations have failed to exercise actual leadership over ideological work.
Theoretical study has failed to keep abreast of the development of realities and requirements of the revolution, and to clarify many important issues in the renewal process with a view to helping elaborate Party strategies, decisions and policies, and enhancing political and ideological unanimity in the society.
Organisational and personnel work has been slow in innovation, and failed to meet the requirements for strengthening the Party's leadership and the efficiency of State management and governance in the new period. In the organisation of apparatuses of the political system, especially the State administrative apparatus, there have been too many "doors", collective and individual responsibilities have not been clearly delineated, and operational quality and efficiency have been low. The functions, tasks and competence of many agencies have been duplicated; the operational mechanisms and many relationships irrational. In many places, the grassroots Party organisations have been too weak, and their combativeness poor. The recruitment, training, placement, use and evaluation of personnel have been laden with defects, and sometimes based on old approaches, prejudices and feelings; their realisation not conformed with plans, realities, procedures, democracy and attention to opinions of the masses and collectives. Control over Party officials and members has been lax. Active measures have not been taken to identify, train and groom personnel with ethics and talent.
Although certain targets set forth in the Five-Year Plan (1996-2000) have not been attained and certain tasks laid down by the eighth Congress Resolution have not been well executed, the 10 years' implementation of the Strategy for Socio-Economic Stabilisation and Development (1991-2000) have registered great and very important achievements:
Gross Domestic Product in 2000 was more than double that of 1990. The socio-economic infrastructure and productive capacity have increased enormously. Once beset with serious scarcity of goods, we have now produced enough to satisfy the essential needs of the population and the economy; the management mechanism based on bureaucratic centralism and State subsidies has been switched to a socialist-oriented market mechanism; the economy once mainly with only two sectors, State and collective, has been turned into a multisector economy, in which the State sector plays a leading role. The living conditions of the people of different strata have been improved. The country has come out of the socio-economic crisis, overcome the political shock and market contraction caused by the upheavals in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe; broken up the state of blockade and embargo, broadened external relations, and proactively embarked on international economic integration; succeeded to avoid submersion in the financial-economic crisis in a number of Asian countries, despite rather heavy consequences; basically maintained socio-political stability; and enhanced national defence and security. The strength in all fields of our country has grown much greater than that 10 years ago.
The fifteen years of renewal (1986-2000) have given us many valuable experiences. The lessons on renewal drawn by the sixth, seventh and eighth Party Congresses by now still retain their great value, especially the following main lessons:
One: In the process of renewal, it is imperative to persist in the goal of national independence and socialism on the basis of Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh's Thoughts. Confronted with difficulties, challenges and complicated changes in the world and regional situation, our Party has always tenaciously elaborated and implemented judicious renewal decisions and policies, promoted the precious traditions of the nation and achievements of the revolution, firmly maintained national independence, and advanced steadfastly toward socialism.
Two: The renewal undertaking should rely on the people, and be in the interest of the people, conformable to reality, and always creative. Renewal should proceed from the realities and life of the Vietnamese society, consult the world's positive experiences, and constitute no copy of any readymade model; it should be comprehensive, harmonious and radical, with appropriate steps, forms and ways. There should be necessary adjustments, amendments and developments in decisions, methods and measures; to identify and select new, flexible and creative solutions, to responsively get hold of what is new, take advantage of opportunities, overcome inertia, and change the situation.
The people, actively carrying out renewal in all spheres, have produced many advanced examples, successful experiences and new elements, on the basis of which the Party could sum up practical realities and develop theories to push the renewal process further forward. Renewal is an undertaking of the people, by the people and for the people. For renewal to succeed, efforts should be made to motivate all sections of the people and all economic sectors to take part.
Three: In the renewal process, the nation's strength should be combined with that of the times. Our people's renewal undertaking is taking place at a time when the world scientific-technological revolution is developing tempestuously, economic globalisation is affecting the life of nations, and the world people's struggle for peace, national independence, democracy and social progress is unfolding vigorously. Pursuing the renewal course, our people are to take maximum advantage of the positive opportunities presented by the aforesaid trends.
Four: The Party's judicious guidelines constitute the decisive factor for the success of renewal. The initiator and leader of the renewal process, the Party should sum up practical realities, conduct theoretical studies, and improve the renewal guidelines; make constant efforts in Party building and rectification, and generate unanimity in approach, will and action in the entire Party; and exercise leadership over the organisation for implementation, formation and improvement of a clean and steady State apparatus.
III. on the path toward socialism in our country
The rich realities and the achievements recorded over the 15 years of renewal have testified to the judiciousness of the Political Programme adopted by the seventh Party Congress, while helping us perceive ever more clearly the path toward socialism in our country. Once more, we reconfirm that the Political Programme constitutes the combat banner for the successful building of Viet Nam in a gradual transition to socialism, orienting all activities of the Party at present and in the coming decades. Our Party and people are determined to build Viet Nam along the path of socialism on the basis of Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh's Thoughts.
Ho Chi Minh's Thoughts constitute a system of comprehensive and profound theoretical and political viewpoints on the fundamental issues of the Vietnamese revolution; they result from the creative application and development of Marxism-Leninism in the specific conditions of our country, inheritance and development of the fine national traditional values, and acquirement of the quintessence of human culture. They include ideas about national liberation, class emancipation and the liberation of man; about national independence closely linked to socialism, and the nation's strength combined with that of the times; about the strength of the people and of the great national unity bloc; about the people's right as the master and building of a State genuinely of the people, by the people and for the people; about the all-people national defence and building the people's armed forces; about economic and cultural development, and constant improvement of the people's material and spiritual life; about revolutionary ethics, assiduity, thrift, integrity, righteousness, public-mindedness and selflessness; about grooming revolutionary generations for the future; about building a clean and strong Party and forging Party officials and members as both leaders and really loyal servants of the people, etc.
Ho Chi Minh's Thoughts have been illuminating the road toward victory for our people's struggle; they represent a great spiritual heritage of our Party and nation.
That Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh's Thoughts are confirmed as the ideological foundation and compass for action implies a major development in the perception and theoretical thinking of our Party.
The path forward of our country involves the transitional development to socialism bypassing the capitalist regime, i.e. bypassing the establishment of the dominating position of the capitalist production relations and superstructure, but acquiring and inheriting the achievements recorded by mankind under the capitalist regime, especially in science and technology, to develop rapidly the productive forces and shape a modern economy.
To build socialism bypassing the capitalist regime, thus engendering a qualitative change in all fields of society, is a very difficult and complicated undertaking that inevitably requires a long period of transition with many transitional stages and forms of socio-economic organisation. In various aspects of social life, the new and the old are interwoven and struggling with each other. Since the eighth Party Congress in 1996, our country has embarked on a new stage, that of stepped-up industrialisation and modernisation, striving to become by 2020 basically an industrialised country. During the present stage, we should continue fulfilling certain tasks left over by the previous stage.
In the period of transition, there are many forms of ownership of the means of production, many different economic sectors, social classes and strata, but the structures, characters and positions of the classes in our society have changed markedly along with the great socio-economic changes. The relationships among the social classes and strata are relations of cooperation and struggle among the population, characterised by a longlasting unity and cooperation in national construction and defence under the Party's leadership. The interests of the working class are identical with those of the entire nation in a common goal: national independence closely linked to socialism, a prosperous people, a forceful country, and an equitable, democratic and civilised society. The main substance of class struggle at the present stage consists in successfully carrying out industrialisation and modernisation along the socialist line and overcoming poverty and underdevelopment; achieving social equity, fighting oppression and injustice; preventing and surmounting negative and erroneous ideas and actions; foiling all destructive schemes and actions of hostile forces; defending national independence, and making ours a prosperous socialist country and a happy people.
The main driving force for national development lies in the great unity of the entire people on the basis of the alliance of workers with farmers and intellectuals, combining harmoniously the interests of the individual, the collective and the society, and bringing into play all potentials and resources of the various economic sectors and of society as a whole.
Our Party and State stand for the consistent and longterm exercise of the policy on developing a multisector commodity economy operating under the market mechanism, with State management and along the socialist line, in short a socialist-oriented market economy.
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