| Subject: Azhan, call to prayer |
Author:
Shahid (Jimy)
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Date Posted: 05:57:02 08/09/01 Thu
Fiqh-us-Sunnah, Volume 1: Azhan, call to prayer
The azhan is a call to inform others in specific words that the time for a prayer has begun. It is a call to the
congregation, and is an expression of the Islamic practices. It is obligatory or highly preferred. Al-Qurtubi
>>and others have said that the azhan, although
it has very few words, covers all essentials of the faith. It begins by proclaiming the greatness of Allah, pointing to His existence and perfection. It mentions His
oneness and the denial of polytheism, and it confers the messengership of Muhammad, upon whom be peace. It calls to
specific acts of obedience after testifying to Muhammad's messengership, and it calls to a prosperity which
is everlasting, pointing to the return to
Allah. Then, in a manner of emphasis, it repeats some of what was already mentioned.
Volume 1, Page 95a: Azhan, its Virtues and Excellence
>>Many hadith describe the virtues of the azhan
and the one who calls it.
>>Such hadith include the following:
>>
>>Abu Hurairah reported that the Prophet said,
"If the people knew what was
>>in the azhan and the first row (of the prayer
in virtue), and that they
>>could not get it save by drawing lots, they
would draw lots. If they knew
>>the reward for praying the noon prayer early in
its time, they would race
>>to it. And if they knew the reward for the
night and the morning prayers
>>in congregation, they would come to them even
if they had to crawl."
>>(Related by al-Bukhari and others.)
>>
>>Mu'awiyyah reported that the Prophet, upon whom
be peace, said, "The
>>callers to prayer will have the longest necks
of all people on the Day of
>>Resurrection." (Related by Ahmad, Muslim, and
Ibn Majah.)
>>
>>Al-Barra' ibn 'Aazib reported that the Prophet,
upon whom be peace, said,
>>"Allah and His angels pray upon those in the
first rows. And the caller to
>>prayer is forgiven, for as far as his voice
reaches and whoever hears him
>>will confirm what he says. He will get a reward
similar to those who pray
>>with him." This hadith is related by Ahmad and
an-Nasa'i. Al-Munzhiri says
>>its chain is good.
>>
>>Abu ad-Darda' reported that he heard the
Prophet, upon whom be peace, say,
>>"If three people do not make the azhan and
establish the prayer among
>>themselves, Satan gains mastery over them."
(Related by Ahmad.)
>>
>>Abu Hurairah reported that the Prophet, upon
whom be peace, said, "The
>>imam is a guarantor, and the caller to prayer
is one who is given the
>>trust. O Allah, guide the imam and forgive the
caller to prayer."
>>
>>'Uqbah ibn 'Aamar said he heard the Prophet,
upon whom be peace, say,
>>"Your Lord, the Exalted, is amazed (and
pleased) by one who is watching
>>sheep in his pasture, then goes to the mountain
to make the call to prayer
>>and pray. Allah, the Exalted, says, 'Look at my
slave there who makes the
>>call to prayer and establishes the prayer out
of fear of Me. I have
>>forgiven my slave and have allowed him to enter
Paradise."' (Related by
>>Ahmad, Abu Dawud and anNasa'i.)
>>
>>Volume 1, Page 96: Azhan, The Event Behind Its
Legislation
>>
>>The azhan was made part of the shari'ah during
the first year after the
>>migration to Madinah. The hadith clarify what
led up to its institution.
>>
>>Nafa' related that Ibn 'Umar said, "The Muslims
would gather and calculate
>>the time of prayer, and no one would call them.
They spoke about that one
>>day. Some said, 'We should have a bell like the
Christians.' Others said,
>>'We should have a horn like the Jews.'
Suggested 'Umar, 'Why don't we have
>>one person call the others to prayer?' The
Messenger of Allah said,
>>'Stand, Bilal, and make the call to prayer."
(Related by Ahmad and
>>al-Bukhari.)
>>
>>Reported 'Abdullah ibn (Zaid ibn) 'Abd Rabbih,
"When the Prophet was to
>>order the use of a bell to call the people to
prayer, he disliked it
>>because it resembled the Christian practice.
While I was sleeping, a man
>>came to me carraying a bell. I said to him, 'O
slave of Allah, will you
>>sell me that bell?' Said he, 'What would you do
with it?' I replied, 'I
>>would call the people to prayer with it.' Said
he, 'Shall I not guide you
>>to something better than that?' I said,
'Certainly.' Said he, 'You should
>>say, Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar,
Allahu akbar. Ashhadu alla
>>ilaha illal-lah, ashhadu alla ilaha illallah,
Ashhadu anna Muhammad
>>ar-Rasool-lal-lah, ashhadu anna
Muhammadar-Rasool-lal-lah. Hayya
>>'alas-salah, hayyah 'alassalah. Hayya
'alal-falah, hayya 'alal-falah.
>>Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar. La ilaha
illal-lah.' Then he went a short
>>distance away and said, 'When you stand for the
prayer, say, 'Allahu
>>akbar, Allahu akbar. Ashhadu alla ilaha
illal-lah, Ashhadu anna Muhammad
>>ar-Rasool-lal-lah Hayya 'alas-salah, hayya
'alal-falah. Qad
>>qaamatis-salah, qad qaamatis-salah. Allahu
akbar, Allahu akbar. La ilaha
>>illal-lah.'When the morning came, I went to the
Messenger of Allah to tell
>>him what I had seen. He said, 'Your dream is
true, Allah willing. Go to
>>Bilal, tell him what you have seen, and tell
him to make the call to
>>prayer, for he has the best voice among you.' I
went to Bilal and told him
>>what to do, and he made the call to prayer.
'Umar was in his house when he
>>heard it. He came out with his cloak, saying
'By the One who has raised
>>you with the truth, I saw similar to what he
saw.' The Prophet, upon whom
>>be peace, said, 'To Allah is the praise." The
hadith is related by Ahmad,
>>Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah, Ibn Khuzaimah and
at-Tirmizhi, who called it hassan
>>sahih.
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