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| Subject: anti-gravity, absolute motion, time vs energy | |
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Author: abhi |
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Date Posted: 05:19:40 05/23/02 Thu Papers about model to create Anti-Gravity, cause of absolute motion, instantaneous information transfer. Author: Mr. Abhijit Patil, C/o Life Insurance Corporation of India, At/Po/Tq: Shahada City, Dist: Nandurbar, Maharastra State, INDIA. Pin: 425409. Email Address: xabhix@hotmail.com Homepage: http://www.geocities.com/discoverynews Paper 1: Anti-Gravity Abstract: This Article propose model to create anti-gravity. Introduction: Sir Issac Newton observed that if we pick up particle and drop it, it falls straight down on planet. If we throw this particle horizontally, instead of dropping straight down on planet, it travels in space for some distance then falls down on planet. He further observed that if we throw this particle with certain(critical) velocity, the particle will keep travelling, rotating around planet and will never fall on planet! But, in this case, to overcome gravity of planet, particle must revolve around planet. This article aims to propose model to keep a body floating at fixed position just above surface of planet without falling on planet. Mathematical Model of Anti-Gravity: G = Gravitational constant, M = Mass of planet, m = Mass of particle, R = Radius of planet, v = Velocity of particle, As Newton explained beyond doubt through equations, kinetic energy(KE) of particle to escape from gravitational field of planet must be equal to gravitational potential energy of planet(U) KE = (1/2)m*v^2 and U = GMm/R As KE = U hence (1/2) m*v^2 = GMm/R so v^2 = 2*G*M / R i.e. v = (2GM/R)^(1/2) Now we must note here that we are dealing here with only KE of particle. If we take a uniform circular ring(of the size of CD or cricket ground) and rotate it horizontally in vacuum with linear velocity v = (2GM/r)^(1/2), this ring will never fall on planet. It will keep rotating in vacuum forever. Because though the every particle of ring is rotating in definite space, still every particle in ring has linear velocity v and hence every particle has KE to counter gravitational potential energy(U) of planet. The ring will keep rotating in space where it is and gravity of planet will not act on ring. So planet will move in space but the ring will not. Orbital(critical) velocity of particle revolving around planet is given by v = (GM/R)^(1/2) So here also, as the particle has velocity v, we are dealing with KE of particle. Hence if we rotate the ring in vacuum with velocity v = (GM/R)^(1/2), it will keep rotating and never fall on planet, but still as the every particle in ring is under gravitational field of planet, ring will rotate with planet and at the same time move in space with planet. So the observer on planet will see the floating ring rotating at fixed position above the surface of planet forever. This ring will never fall on planet. Conclusion: We have Anti-Gravity. __________________________________________________________ Paper 2: Absolute Motion Abstract: This Article intends to explain cause of absolute motion of light and that of any body. Introduction: We know that speed of light is absolute. That means whatever may be speed of source of light, speed of light always remains constant. This can be explained through concept of elementary particle of universe in which photons are revolving around vacuum with linear speed equal to speed of light. To make the idea more clear, experiment is given below. Absolute Motion Analysis: Suppose that a person in the train moving with velocity v throws a metal piece in the direction of train with velocity v, then as we know, velocity of metal piece with relative to observer on station will be v + v = 2v and if thrown in opposite direction of train with same velocity, velocity of metal piece with relative to observer on station will be v -v = 0. Clearly, velocity of metal piece is not absolute in this case. It depends upon speed of source i.e. train. But there is one situation in which velocity of metal piece must be absolute i.e. it must not depend upon speed of its source. Consider rescue helicopter. Ends of blades of helicopter are rotating with linear velocity "v". This helicopter is stationary in air. Consider that small piece of metal in the ends of blade is broken and separated from blade. We know that this piece of metal will travel in tangential direction with velocity "v" with relative to observer on helipad or pilot of helicopter. Now consider that this helicopter is flying with speed "v". Remember that ends of blades are rotating with linear velocity "v". Now in this situation if the piece of metal in the ends of blade is broken then it must travel with velocity v, be it with relative to observer on helipad or pilot of helicopter. Speed of source i.e. helicopter must not have any effect on velocity of metal piece. Why? This can be explained as follow. If we say that speed of helicopter will affect velocity of metal piece as in case of train, then it means that if metal piece is travelling in the direction of motion of helicopter, velocity of metal piece will be v + v = 2v. And in the direction opposite to motion of helicopter, velocity of metal piece will be v -v = 0. This is unthinkable because as the metal piece was part of end of blade, it means that velocity of blade itself in the direction opposite to that of helicopter is zero . (In such situation, metal piece should just fall straight down on earth!) It means that range of linear velocity of ends of blades is from 2v to 0 with relative to observer on helipad. This just can't happen because system of blades is moving with helicopter with velocity v. So velocity of blade can never be zero with relative to observer on helipad. Moreover this situation will destabilize blades and eventually break apart. To begin with, blades will not rotate at all. But as we know, this does not happen. In case of train, velocity of metal piece with relative to person in train is zero because both are moving with same velocity and in same direction. But in case of helicopter, velocity of metal piece is not zero with relative to pilot of helicopter because its direction is changing in 360 degree constantly, it is accelerating. In train, the person can handle the metal piece, but in helicopter pilot can not handle rotating metal piece because it is part of blade and accelerating. Velocity of blades of helicopter is independent of speed of helicopter itself. Hence it will have no effect on the velocity of metal piece when it travels in space. Whether the helicopter is moving or not, if the blades are rotating with constant linear velocity v, linear velocity of metal piece in tangential direction will always be v. In other words, velocity of metal piece in this case is absolute. Speed of it's source i.e. helicopter, does not affect its velocity. Example: I request reader to take ride on bicycle on rainy streets. Let velocity of bike + you be v. Suppose that if you throw small stone with velocity v in the direction of motion of bike, then velocity of stone with relative to you will be v but with relative to pedestrian, it will be v + v = 2v. If you throw stone with same velocity opposite to direction of motion of bike, with relative to you will be v, but with relative to pedestrian, it will be v - v = 0. Now look at the front wheel. Linear velocity of tyre of wheel is v (because that is why bike is moving with velocity v). As you are on rainy street, some mud will stick to tyre of bike and as tyre is rotating, mud is also roating with tyre. Now when this mud is thrown in tangential direction, what will be its velocity with relative to you? If you say that velocity of bike will add to velocity of mud, then velocity of mud in the direction of bike with relative to pedestrian should be v + v = 2v and with relative to you, it should be v. That means, mud should escape from tyre of front wheel and travel before your eyes with velocity v. Are you seeing mud escaping and flying before your eyes (in the direction of bike) with velocity v? In this case, velocity of mud rotating with tyre is absolute. It does not depend upon its source i.e. velocity of bike. Velocity of bike does not add to linear velocity of mud. Hence mud and cycle has same velocity. So we can never see mud flung straight in direction of motion of bike. I request reader to verify this. one more simple experiment to do is to just stick porous ball containing powder or sand on outer side of tyre of car. We will note that powder or sand in porous ball is never thrown straight in the direction of motion of car whatever may be speed of car. Conclusion: Any body in uniform circular motion do have absolute velocity. Motion of centre point of its centripetal force i.e. motion of its source does not affect velocity of body in circular motion. In uniform circular motion, body do have constant linear velocity but still it is accelerating because its direction is constantly changing. Only force acting upon body is centripetal force directed along radius towards centre of circle. No other force can communicate with rotating body in uniform circular motion. Hence it has absolute velocity in tangential direction. ___________________________________________________ Paper 3: Time Vs Energy Abstract: This article deals with instantaneous transfer of information. Introduction: When we OPEN the valve of garden hose, with hose full of water, water begins to flow out. Established knowledge of fluid dynamics states that this information travels across full length of hose pipe back to water level in reservoir through pressure waves with appropriate acoustic velocity in hose pipe. When these pressure waves reach to water level in reservoir, only after that water level comes down. This is not true. If it is true, then we can use this time interval of information transfer to create "free" energy. Mathematical Model of Fluid Flow: Consider a reservoir of full of fluid. Let height of fluid level in this reservoir from earth surface be h. Inlet A of horizontal pipe of length L is attached to bottom of reservoir. At outlet B, there is vertical empty pipe of height H and volume U. Let H = h + x where H > h. So height of vertical pipe i.e. "H" is greater than height of fluid level in reservoir i.e. "h". Let a be cross sectional area of horizontal pipe of length L and b that of vertical pipe of height H. Let b < a. So cross sectional area "b"of vertical pipe is less than cross sectional area "a" of horizontal pipe. Let c be velocity of propagation of pressure waves in pipe. Let t be time taken for these pressure waves to reach to inlet A from outlet B. Hence t = L/c. Let U be volume and v be average velocity of fluid entering in horizontal pipe during time interval t. Hence t = (L / c) i.e. L = ct ...................Equn. (1) U = avt = bH where b < a rel=nofollow target=_blank .....................Equn. (2) H = h + x where H > h .........................Equn. (3) At time T = 0, fluid is flowing in system of reservoir and entire horizontal pipe of length L. At time T = 0, outlet B of horizontal pipe is connected to vertical empty pipe of height H so that flow of fluid in horizontal pipe is directed in upward direction in vertical pipe. This information regarding change in situation i.e. pressure change at outlet B will travel through pressure waves with acoustic velocity c and reaches to inlet A after time interval t. But fluid flowing in inlet A has no information about situation change at outlet B during this time interval t, hence U volume of fluid will flow in inlet A during this time interval t. After time t, system of horizontal pipe and vertical pipe is isolated. At time T = 0, entire horizontal pipe of length L was full of flowing water. After time T = t, U volume of fluid has entered in closed pipe system of horizontal pipe of length L and vertical pipe of height H. Hence only way to accommodate this U volume of fluid is vertical pipe of height H. Hence there will U volume of fluid in vertical pipe of height H after time t. Let d be density of this fluid. Hence mass of fluid of volume U, m = Ud. (1) At time T = 0, when this fluid of mass m was in reservoir at height h, its potential energy, PE = mgh. (2) At time T = t, when this fluid of mass m is in vertical pipe of height H, its potential energy, PE = mgH. But H = h + x and H > h hence mgH = mg(h + x) = mgh + mgx i.e. mgH > mgh Only force acting on fluid in system is Gravity. There is no other force present in system. Then where from this extra PE equal to "mgx" came? Query: (1) It is true that when we close the valve of pipe to stop flow of fluid, this information travels back to reservoir through pressure waves with appropriate acoustic velocity. This has been experimentally verified perhaps hundreds of times and all the scientific data regarding velocity and way of propagation of sound waves, hammer effect is correct. But during flow of history, somewhere mistake is done. It is "assumed" that what happens to flowing fluid after CLOSURE of valve must happen to steady fluid(having only PE) when we OPEN the valve and then to uninterrupted flow of fluid. And this "assumption" is being treated as "truth" and NEVER at any time in history has been experimentally verified. If reader believe that it is experimentally verified then when, where, who, how? (2)Consider isolated vertical pipe full of water. water begins to flow out when valve at lower end is opened. Established knowledge of fluid dynamics state that this information travels upwards with appropriate acoustic velocity(about 1482 m/s) in pipe through pressure waves i.e. longitudinal waves of compression and rarefaction. water level comes down only when pressure waves reaches to upper water level. Consider that temperature of water is decreased so that ice rod is formed in this vertical pipe. Let A be lower end of this ice rod and B be upper end. Valve is removed so that ice rod comes down freely due to gravity. Explanation of superluminal transmission of information states that this information regarding motion of lower end A travels through rod to upper end B through electromagnetic waves. When temperature of water(or any fluid) in pipe is decreased, then PRECISELY at what water temperature this mode of transfer of information changes from pressure waves(longitudinal waves, speed 1482 m/s) to electromagnetic waves (transverse waves, speed 299792428 m/s)? (3)Cause of pressure is gravity and when we open valve water just falls. And if we jump from tall building, I think that we will feel weightless. we will not be able to exert pressure on our shoes. How can water molecules exert pressure on each other while falling in weightless condition? If there is no pressure, how can it change? If there is no pressure change, how can it travel back with sound velocity? (4) Consider that there are two horizontal pipes attached to bottom of reservoir at same depth. Length of first horizontal pipe is just 3 centimeter and length of second horizontal pipe is 3 million Km. Closed valves are attached to other ends of both pipes. Reservoir and both horizontal pipes are full of fluid. Now as pressure depends upon depth, pressure of fluid in both pipes must be same. If we open valve of both pipe, fluid will begin to flow. But velocity of fluid flowing out from 3 centimeter long horizintal pipe will be greater than velocity of fluid flowing out from 3 million Km long pipe. Pressure of fluid in both pipes is same, then why velocity of fluid coming out of 3 million Km long pipe is less than that in 3 centimeter long pipe? Answer is friction of fluid with pipe. But if the fluid is not moving in entire length of pipe at exactly same moment we open valve, then how the fluid near valves calculate friction of entire length of pipe and decide its velocity? Conclusion: After carefully studying the mathematical model of fluid flow, we should come to the conclusion that information regarding uninterrupted, free flow of fluid under gravitational field must travel back to fluid level in reservoir at exactly same moment. Otherwise law of conservation of energy is violated. Author: Mr. Abhijit Patil, C/o Life Insurance Corporation of India, At/Po/Tq: Shahada City, Dist: Nandurbar, Maharastra State, INDIA. Pin: 425409. Email Address: xabhix@hotmail.com Homepage: http://www.geocities.com/discoverynews [ Next Thread | Previous Thread | Next Message | Previous Message ] |
| Subject | Author | Date |
| plane motion | Hendry | 23:35:21 10/13/02 Sun |
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| Re: anti-gravity and LEVITATION | QUITTNER | 09:50:03 11/18/03 Tue |
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