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Date Posted: 21:52:59 09/29/02 Sun
Author: Jordan
Subject: Ch7 - Patterns of Education

I.Patterns of Education
A.Importance of a virtuous citizenry
i.Jefferson(republicans) believed in free schooling for all male citizens(prospective voters)
a.some states endorsed free education for a while, but none developed a schooling system
-some(Virginia) even ignored the president’s call for schooling for the gifted.
-Massachusetts approved a law in 1789 that called for each town to support a school, but there was little enforcement
B.Private Schooling
i.Most of the nation’s schooling came from private institutions that most people could not afford.
a.most were aristocratic in outlook, training the children to become the nation’s elite
ii.few schools were open to the poor, and the education was far inferior from that of a private institutions
iii.most private secondary schools only accepted young men, creating a world where white men were dominant over everyone, including women.
C.New Educational Opportunities for Women
i.in 18th century, female illiteracy rate was 50%
a.people began to believe that if the mothers were not educated, then the children they were raising could not be enlightened
b.after the 1770s co-ed and female schools began to spring up
-Massachusetts required its public schools to serve females as well as males in 1789. other states, but not all, soon followed
ii.men believed female education was there to make women better wives and mothers
a.there were no universities for women to go to because it was believed there was no need for advanced or professional training
b.in 1784, Judith Sargent Murray wrote an essay explaining how women are equal to men
-her ideas gained little attention while she was alive, but after her death, her ideas became inspiration to future female generations
D.Indian Education
i.reformers who believed in the power of education attempted to educate the Indians in white culture
a.people believed Indians were noble savages( uncivilized, but not necessarily totally inferior)
-missionaries were mainly the only group who made a real effort to educate the Indians
E.Higher Education
i.repubicans hoped for a wide dispersion a education, but since universities were few and far between that hope dwindled
a.only about 1 in 1000 men went to a university and even then it was not free
-many universities relied on private contributions and tuitions
ii.the education at universities was extremely limited
a.mostly all only offered basic classes and narrow training in the classics and theology.
iii.some law schools were created, but most students became lawyers through apprenticeships

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