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Date Posted: 09:33:19 07/17/03 Thu
Author: Adriana Sales Zardini
Subject: Task 11

Explain what a genre-based approach is.

I agree with Daniela wrote: “The concept of genre was in past only related to literacy. Literary texts are classified according to language and subject matter, such as drama, comedy and tragedy, as Caudery (2003) states, “genre oup texts according to type, and to identify and describe features which texts of a particular genre have in common. In linguistics terms, genre is also related to specific features, but not limited to texts.”

It is customary to distinguish three broad approaches to genre, each of which conceptualizes and analyses genre in a different way they are:

• A Systemic Functional view: a genre is defined as a staged, goal oriented social process. This involves the interaction of participants using language in a conventional, step-wise structure.

• A VESP perspective: a genre comprises a class of communicative events linked by shared purpose recognized by the members of a particular community. These purposes are the rationale of the genre and help to shape the ways it is structured and the choices of content and style it makes available.

• A New Rhetoric view: gives less emphasis to the form of discourse and more to the action it is used to accomplish, seeking to establish the connections between genre and repeated situations and to identify the way in which genres are seen as recurrent rhetorical actions.

According to Gazzotti, the “genres” in linguistic terms have many definitions, but the best was given by Bakhtin in his book “Estetika Slovesnogo Tvortchestva” (Estética da Criação Verbal). Bakhtin says that as human beings interact in different social contexts, they create rules to be followed within these contexts. These rules are not only related to the social behavior but also to the linguistic choices people make when producing the language in specific contexts for specific reasons.

Gazzotti emphasizes that the linguistic elements in a genre are a result of the choices a community has made to create heir texts. In this approach, grammar is taught within a specific context and being used for a specific purpose.

A group of linguists from Geneva has separated the genres into groups, which included texts that have similar characteristics. These groups are:

• The group of genres that are related to reporting experiences and facts, such as: fairy tales, nursery rhymes, novels, science fictions;
• The group of genres that argue for something, such as: debates, editorials, complaints;
• The group of genres that expose something, such as: conferences, reviews, seminars, articles;
• The group of genres that describe actions such as: instructions, recipes, rules of games, etc.

The suggestion is that teachers work with all the groups within the course, in a graded way.

Adriana Sales Zardini

Reference:

GAZZOTTI, M.A. Genres: an alternative to ELT. New Routes. March, 1999. p.14-18

http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enhyland/lectures_1-10.htm

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