How History sees Clinton -- WASHINGTON BOARD

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Date Posted: 23:49:40 02/07/02 Thu
Author: Normal
Author Host/IP: modem21-267.mo-net.com / 12.110.237.28
Subject: How History sees Clinton

I just got the "Encyclopedia of World History". It came as a book and as a disc, so.....Here's US History since Nov, 92:

Nov

Democratic candidate William (�Bill�) Clinton was elected president over George Bush. Albert (�Al�) Gore, Jr. was elected vice president.

1993

Clinton sparked major controversy when he attempted to lift the ban on gays in the military. Eventually, he opted for the compromise of permitting gays to stay in the military if they did not engage in homosexual conduct.

Feb

After being vetoed twice by Pres. Bush, the Family and Medical Leave Act was signed into law. The act required major companies to provide up to 12 weeks of annual unpaid leave for medical or family emergencies.

Feb. 26

Six died and more than 1,000 were injured when a car bomb exploded in New York City's World Trade Center; several Muslim fundamentalists were arrested as possible perpetrators.

April 22

The U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum was dedicated in Washington, D.C.

April 23

A U.S. Department of Defense report revealed that at least 117 naval officers could face disciplinary action growing out of sexual assaults on some 90 people at a 1991 Las Vegas convention of the Tailhook aviators group.

April 25

More than 300,000 people marched on Washington, D.C., to demand equal rights for homosexuals.

Sept. 22

The president revealed his health care plan. He promised that details of the plan were negotiable, but that the goal of health care for all Americans was not.

Oct. 3

American troops who went to Somalia for humanitarian reasons in 1992 [>] came under firetwelve were killed, and more than 75 were injured. Pres. Clinton sent in more troops but promised to bring American troops home by March 1994.

Oct. 7

Toni Morrison became the first African American to receive the Nobel Prize for literature.

Nov. 9

The U.S. Supreme Court unanimously decided to expand the definition of sexual harassment to enable employees to win without having to prove psychological damage.

Nov. 20

The Congress passed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which would significantly reduce trade barriers between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.

Nov. 24

After seven years, Congress passed gun control legislation. The so-called Brady Bill mandated a waiting period of up to five days for handgun purchases.

Dec. 8

Pres. Clinton signed NAFTA into law. The agreement would eliminate most tariff and trade barriers between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico over a 15-year period.

The government began to disclose information about radiation experiments conducted from the 1940s through the 1970s on people who had no knowledge of the experiments.

1994, Jan

Pres. Clinton was subpoenaed for possible dealings with the Whitewater Development Corp., which was part of the savings and loan scandal of 1989. On June 14 the U.S. Congress approved the beginning of hearings on this issue.

Jan. 7

A well-known polluter barge was responsible for an oil spill 500 yards off of the coast of San Juan, PR.

Jan. 25

The U.S. launched its ambitious Clementine space project. A joint effort between the Strategic Defense Command and NASA, this lunar exploration lasted seven months, costing at least $175 million.

Feb

Clinton arranged for a visa for IRA leader Gerry Adams to visit the U.S. He had previously been denied a visa because of his links to IRA violence. On Oct. 3 the U.S. lifted the ban on communications between the U.S. government and Sinn Fein, the political wing of the IRA, because of Sinn Fein's Aug. 31 cease-fire declaration.

Feb. 15

The chief of naval operations, Admiral Frank B. Kelso II, announced his plans for early retirement over charges stemming from the Tailhook sexual harassment scandal.

June 10

The U.S. extended its sanctions on Haiti in order to emphasize its desire to get rid of the military regime in power there.

June 12-14

The National African-American Leadership Summit met in Baltimore. The meeting attracted a broad cross section of black civil rights and political leaders.

Aug. 19

The U.S. announced an end to allowing Cuban refugees to enter the country, though many continued to try. On Sept. 9 the U.S. agreed to accept a limited number of Cuban refugees per year.

Sept

More than 300 Republican candidates for the U.S. House of Representatives met outside the Capitol building in Washington, DC, and signed what they called a �Contract with America,� a 10-point plan of conservative reforms designed to reverse expenditures for social welfare, �get tough on crime,� and add a balanced budget amendment to the constitution, among other objectives. GOP candidates for the U.S. Senate endorsed a similar plan.

Oct. 17

After the buildup of Iraqi troops on Iraq's border with Kuwait, the U.S. announced plans to send its troops there.

Nov. 8

Republicans won control of Congress for the first time in 40 years.

Dec. 15

Dee Dee Myers, the first woman and the youngest person to hold the post of White House press secretary, resigned, citing the difficulties confronting women and particularly young women in top-level government positions.

1995, Jan. 4

The 104th Congress convenes. The new Speaker of the House, Newt Gingrich (R., Ga.), broke precedent, moved beyond the usual ceremonial opening, and held a 14-hour session designed to implement the Republican Party's proposed Contract with America.

Jan. 20

The U.S. said it would ease its 44-year trade embargo on North Korea to ensure North Korea's cooperation in reducing its nuclear arsenal.

Jan. 31

Clinton authorized an emergency loan of $20 billion to Mexico.

Feb. 4

The U.S. imposed huge tariffs on imports from China in an effort to punish the Chinese government for its continued manufacture of pirated goods. On Feb. 26 the U.S. and China signed a negotiation pact because China agreed to crack down on piracy. The pact was expected to be a big boost to trade. The U.S. and China signed trade accords on March 12.

Feb. 19

Clinton announced his refusal to participate in a planned May summit in Russia because of the situation in Chechnya.

March 7

The U.S. dollar plunged to a record low since World War II against the Japanese yen and the German mark, due in part to the loan made to help with the Mexican economic crisis.

March 15

Clinton signed a ban on the participation of U.S. companies in petroleum production activities in Iran because of the U.S.'s perception of Iran as a terrorist country.

April 19

A huge car bomb exploded in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, destroying the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building and killing more than two hundred people, including approximately 24 children. On April 21 Timothy McVeigh, a citizen with strong anti-government views, was arrested for planting the bomb.

April 30

Pres. Clinton put an end to all U.S. trade with Iran, citing the country's record of terrorism and its acquisition of nuclear power as the reasons.

July 11

Clinton formally reestablished diplomatic ties with Vietnam.

July 19

Pres. Clinton defended affirmative action programs at the conclusion of a five-month-long review of federal affirmative action programs designed to prevent or redress discrimination against women and minorities.

Aug. 31

The U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) announced �Citizenship USA,� a plan to reduce the amount of time between an immigrant's application for citizenship and the swearing-in process.

Oct. 2

The acquittal of African-American football star O.J. Simpson for the murder of his ex-wife sparked a tremendous race debate in the U.S.

Oct. 3

Clinton signed an order easing restrictions on trade with and travel and humanitarian aid to Cuba.

Oct. 16

An estimated one million black men attended the Million Man March in Washington, DC, where the principal organizer, Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Islam, promoted what he called a �holy day of atonement and reconciliation.�

Oct. 31

In a suit against Las Vegas Hilton and its parent company, the Hilton Hotels Corp., a federal jury awarded Tailhook victim Paula A. Coughlin, a navy helicopter pilot, $16.7 million in damages.

Nov. 5

An estimated 1,000 members of the United Automobile Workers union (UAW) agreed to end a four-day strike at Chrysler Corporation's McGraw Glass Division in Detroit, Michigan.

1996, Jan. 26

The U.S. Senate voted to ratify START II, the second Strategic Arms Reduction Talks Treaty, which would get both the U.S. and Russia down to one-third of their 1993 nuclear arsenal levels.

March 27

In Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida, the U.S. Supreme Court voted 5-4 to overturn the 1988 Indian Gambling Regulatory Act, which allowed American Indians to file federal law suits against any state that failed to negotiate �in good faith� the establishment of gambling casinos on Indian land.

April 9

United Airlines flight attendants rejected a four-year contract proposal offered by the union and United. The attendants opposed the creation of foreign crew bases, which they believed would erode U.S. jobs.

July 31

Clinton agreed to sign a sweeping plan overhauling the American welfare system and making enormous cuts in welfare.

Aug. 6

NASA research on a meteorite from Mars suggested evidence of life existing or having evolved in a place other than Earth.

Sept. 3-4

The U.S. launched missile attacks on Iraqi military sites to counter Iraq's recent moves against Kurdish enclaves.

Sept. 30

Pres. Clinton signed into law the new Illegal Immigrant Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act, which aimed to reduce thenumber of illegal immigrants, partly by limiting immigrant access to welfare services.

Nov. 5

Clinton was reelected as president of the United States. The Republican Party maintained control of Congress.

Nov. 15

Texaco, Inc., a major oil producer, agreed to a $176.1 million settlement with black employees who had lodged a federal suit against the company in 1994 for discrimination in promotions and pay. The company settled following disclosure (Nov. 4, 1996) of a tape-recorded conversation in which executives made racist remarks and discussed the destruction or alteration of documents pertinent to the lawsuit.

Dec. 5

Clinton chose Madeline K. Albright as the first woman secretary of state for the U.S. Prior to obtaining this position, she served as the American ambassador to the UN.

Dec. 21

A U.S. House ethics subcommittee found that Speaker Newt Gingrich violated House ethics rules by accepting tax-exempt donations and using the funds for political purposes.

1997, Feb. 4

A civil jury in Santa Monica, Calif., ordered the former football star O.J. Simpson to pay $8.5 million in compensatory damages for the wrongful death of Ronald L. Goldman, a friend of Simpson's ex-wife, Nicole, who was also murdered. Simpson had been acquitted of murder charges in a 1995 criminal trial, which had generated a great deal of discussion and conflict over issues of race in American society. A separate trial was set for punitive damages in the death of Nicole Simpson.

June 14

Pres. Clinton announced the formation of a new panel on race, headed by the distinguished historian John Hope Franklin of Duke University. Clinton charged the panel to launch a �great and unprecedented discussion about race� in U.S. society.

June 20

The tobacco industry reached an agreement with dozens of claimants in lawsuits against the industry. When implemented, the plan would result in the payment of a landmark $368 billion in damages and imposition of stricter rules on the marketing of cigarettes; it would also free the industry from a variety of pending legal claims against it.

June 24

Federal district court judge James Lawrence King of Miami blocked the deportation (from three southern states) of thousands of refugees from Nicaragua and other Central American countries. Critics of Clinton's Citizenship USA policy claimed that thousands of immigrants had been wrongly naturalized under the program.

July 4

The U.S. probe Pathfinder landed on Mars to examine the landscape there.

July 27

A bomb exploded at the Olympic Games in Atlanta, Ga., taking the life of one person and injuring 111 others. Pres. Clinton described the bombing as �an evil act of terror.�

Oct. 22

Clinton unveiled plans to fight global warming by giving industries financial incentives to decrease their greenhouse gas emissions.

Oct. 25

An estimated 300,000 to 500,000 black women held a Million Woman March in Philadelphia at the Benjamin Franklin Parkway, where they adopted a 12-point platform for improving life in the black community.

Oct. 27

The U.S. stock market plunged by 554 points, the largest single-day decline in its history; analysts credited a series of internal �corrective� measures in the market's speedy rebound.

Oct. 29

Chinese president Jiang Zemin visited the U.S. and met with Clinton for the first U.S./China summit in eight years.

Nov. 13

The U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee blocked Pres. Clinton's nomination of Bill Lann Lee as assistant attorney general for civil rights. Conservative members of Congress opposed Lee because of his vocal support for affirmative action. Lee's appointment would have made him the highest ranking Asian American in the Clinton administration.

1998, Jan. 28-Nov. 4

The Justice Department indicted 14 fund-raising members of the Democratic Party over the course of the year in its probe of 1996 campaign finance abuses. No independent counsel probes were provided by Attorney General Janet Reno on Pres. Clinton or V.P. Al Gore.

March 27

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Viagra, a prescription pill to counteract impotence. In its first two years, the medicine was prescribed more than any medicine in history, particularly in such a short amount of time.

June 17

A proposed $516 billion nationwide settlement of smoking-related lawsuits against the tobacco industry failed in the Senate. On Nov. 20 the 46 states and tobacco industry involved that had not reached prior settlements agreed to a much smaller deal.

June 25-July 3

Pres. Clinton became the first U.S. president to visit China since the violence at Tiananmen Square erupted in 1989.

July 22

Pres. Clinton signed a bill reforming the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).

Aug. 6

Although bipartisan support passed it in the House, a substantial campaign finance reform bill was blocked by a Republican majority in the Senate.

Aug. 7

Bombs exploded at U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, killing over 250 people and injuring thousands more. The bombings were thought to be organized by Islamic extremist and terrorist leader Osama bin Laden, who had been hiding in Afghanistan for some time [>]. On Aug. 20 in a largely retaliatory attack the U.S. destroyed several weapons-manufacturing facilities in Afghanistan and the Sudan with cruise missile assaults.

Sept. 30

The 1998 fiscal year ended with the U.S. government having its first federal budget surplus in three decades.

Oct. 19

Microsoft Corp., a software company owned by Bill Gates, went on trial for two antitrust lawsuits filed on May 18 by 20 states and the U.S. Justice Department. The lawsuits accused Microsoft of abusing its quasi-monopoly in the market for computer operating systems.

Oct. 23

At a Camp David, Maryland, summit that included Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Palestinian leader Yasir Arafat, and U.S. president Clinton, the Wye Memorandum was signed as a reinforcement of a peace accord created earlier in the year. The pact set a three-stage plan for Israel to withdraw from the West Bank; the plan represented some of the greatest progress made in Middle East peace negotiations in many years.

Oct. 29-Nov. 7

Senator John Glenn, who had in 1962 been the first American to orbit the Earth, returned to space at age 77 on a mission in the shuttle Discovery. Two other important space flights were launched on Nov. 20 and on Dec. 4 when the Russians and Americans, respectively, sent their first modules for the planned international space station into orbit.

Nov. 3

The Democratic Party gained five seats in the House of Representatives during midterm elections. Despite impeachment proceedings against party leader president Clinton, the election gains were enough to cause GOP House Speaker Newt Gingrich to resign on Nov. 6.

Nov. 30

Riots and demonstrations took place against the World Bank, which was holding a meeting in Seattle.

Dec. 16-19

United States and British aircraft conducted an extensive bombing attack on Iraq because of Saddam Hussein's refusal to comply with UN inspections teams throughout the previous year. In an effort to deplete a possible Iraqi arms buildup, the U.S. and Britain conducted frequent attacks on military targets in Iraq during 1999 and 2000.

Dec. 19

The Republican-led House of Representatives voted to impeach Pres. Bill Clinton for the Monica Lewinsky sex and perjury scandal. The vote to impeach was made largely along party lines, following an eight-month investigation by independent counsel Kenneth Starr. It was alleged in the impeachment proceedings that in trying to cover up a recent sexual relationship with Lewinsky, Clinton lied under oath and obstructed justice in a court of law. Pres. Clinton became the second president in U.S. history to be impeached.

1999, Feb. 12

The U.S. Senate voted to acquit Pres. Clinton of impeachment charges.

March 24-June 10

United States forces played a key role in NATO bombing missions against the Serb government in Yugoslavia.

March 29

The Dow Jones industrial average closed above 10,000 for the first time in U.S. history. By Dec. 31 the Dow had reached a closing level of 11,497.12.

April 12

Pres. Clinton was held in contempt of court for giving �intentionally false� information about his relationship with Lewinsky during the Paula Jones sexual harassment trial, which had been settled out of court in Nov. 1998.

June 23

In three important cases, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the notion of states' rights, protecting states from facing lawsuits forfailing to comply with federal laws. The three cases involved the Americans with Disabilities Act: the Court ruled that the law did not include individuals whose disabilities had been corrected by mechanical devices.

Aug. 11

The Kansas Board of Education removed Darwin's Theory of Evolution from the state's science curriculum.

Aug. 17-19

The United States and Russia began discussion of a third Strategic Arms Reduction Talks treaty, START III.

Oct. 7

In a defeat for the Republican majority, the House passed a bipartisan bill supporting patients' rights with regard to medical and insurance benefits and laws.

Oct. 13

The U.S. Senate rejected ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, which would bar nuclear weapons testing in any form.

Oct. 18

Investigator Kenneth Starr, whose inquiries since 1994 had largely led to Pres. Clinton's impeachment, stepped down from his duties as independent counsel. Mr. Starr, whose independent counsel statute was set to expire on June 30, 2000, had been accused of overzealousness and blatant partisanship in his legal pursuit of Pres. Clinton.

Nov. 5

In the Microsoft antitrust lawsuit, a judge concluded that Microsoft held a monopoly power that it had used to the detriment of its competitors.

Dec. 20

The Supreme Court in Vermont ordered state legislators to grant to homosexual couples benefits that were held by heterosexual married couples. Many saw this as a first step toward fully recognized same-sex marriages in the U.S.

Dec. 30

Leading Republican presidential candidate and Texas governor George W. Bush announced that his campaign had raised a record $67 million in 1999 that was intended to go toward his presidential campaign expenses.

Dec. 31

The United States passed full control of the Panama Canal over to the Republic of Panama.

2000, Feb. 6

First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton announced her intention to run for a Senate position for the state of New York in the 2000 elections.

April 13

In an antitrust lawsuit filed by the federal government and 19 states, Microsoft was found to be in violation of antitrust law by having used monopoly power to disable its competition. In a landmark case for the corporate United States, it was ordered on June 7 that the corporation split into two smaller companies in order to dilute its monopoly powers. After an appeal of prior rulings, the U.S. Supreme Court refused on Sept. 26 to take the Microsoft case.

April 26

The state of Vermont passed a bill recognizing same-sex civil unions as legitimate under state law. Vermont was the first state to enact such a bill.

June 26

Two separate organizations, U.S.-based Celera Genomics Corp. and the internationally funded Human Genome Project, jointly announced that each had compiled a working map of the human genome. The remarkable achievement was expected to revolutionize the fields of science and medicine.

June 26

The U.S. Supreme Court surprisingly upheld the 1966 Miranda decision that required a suspect to have been informed of his or her rights before confessions could be admissible in court. In Dickerson v. United States, the Court judged a 1968 statute that largely negated the Miranda decision as unconstitutional. Other important precedents upheld by the Supreme Court in the year 2000 were state sovereignty in age-discrimination lawsuits, separation of religion and public education, and the unconstitutionality of state laws banning partial birth abortions.

Aug. 23

Attorney General Janet Reno ruled against a fund-raising probe on Democratic presidential candidate and vice president Al Gore.

Sept. 1

Amid some criticism by Republican opponents, Pres. Clinton postponed a 20-year-old proposal to begin construction of a national missile defense system. The planned project was aimed at protecting the U.S. from nuclear attack.

Sept. 20

In the Whitewater probe, Pres. Clinton and First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton were cleared of any criminal wrongdoing. The independent counsel cited a lack of evidence against the First Lady and Pres. Clinton, who had been plagued by the scandal throughout his presidency.

Sept. 22

As the U.S. faced remarkable worldwide increases in oil prices, Pres. Clinton approved the allotment of surplus oil from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve in order to increase the oil supply and bring U.S. gas prices under control.

Oct. 12

In an attack that was apparently orchestrated by Yemeni Islamic terrorists, the Navy warship U.S.S. Cole was bombed while harbored in Aden, Yemen; seventeen sailors were killed and dozens more injured.

Nov. 2

The international space station project that was initiated with its first module launches one year earlier reached another milestone when its first crew members were sent into space to occupy the station.

Nov. 7

The presidential election remained undecided, the narrowness of the vote margin, particularly in the key electoral state of Florida, being still too close to declare either V.P. Al Gore or Texas governor George W. Bush a definite victor. Congressional elections to the 107th Congress resulted in Republicans retaining a slight majority in the Senate as well as in the House of Representatives. In state elections nationwide, the Republican Party made crucial gains in the state legislatures with the tally of state governorships remaining nearly the same, only one state changing hands.

Dec. 13

After several court battles, the Supreme Court halted recounts and Gore conceded to Bush.

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Replies:

Another perspective -- Grumpy�, 17:47:27 02/08/02 Fri
- Correct and sobering -- Southern Gent, 20:59:01 02/08/02 Fri