Chapter 18: 1964-1968: History of the United States of America -- School Reform

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Date Posted: 10:13:30 08/22/13 Thu
Author: edy
Author Host/IP: 199-195-168-213.southwestern-wireless.com / 199.195.168.213
Subject: Chapter 18: 1964-1968: History of the United States of America

*It was 1955, and 14 year old Emmett Till was visiting Mississippi. He was from Chicago; and his mother warned him that in the south you must bow down to the white if necessary; it isn�t the same there. Off he went to visit his cousins. �In Mississippi he bought some candy from a store, and then he said to the wife of the owner of the store, �Bye baby.� For this, he was brutally beaten, and shot in the head; then they wired his body to a heavy weight, and dumped him into Mississippi�s Tallahatchie River. ....He is a child even. How could this occur. Emmett Till�s death, it is said, began the entire Civil Rights Movement.

* Murder, beating people, any attitude that desires to have someone out of the game, suffering: Never, does a person not know better. No one thinks you can be mercenary in temper and be true. �There is error. Always self corrects then. Default knew you were being hurtful on purpose, yet, stupidly thought you were okay or something. However meaner the behavior, more you knew better, then. �If you chose, you did. A real sociopath Has zero empathy then. Zero. Still knows intellectually that it is fair only, to care. �: Fear [that facts are facts], still Hears. Sociopaths don�t hear fair is fair. �.And this is why Emmett Till was likely victim of real sociopath(s); might as well have been Franklin the Ripper or whoever; and this is why the civil rights movement began, because real sociopath�s were on the loose. �It would have been me in your same circumstance for who self corrects because sociopaths never will, which is why society, nor even his parents are responsible; as sociopaths go so beyond circumstance.

*Song, Sweet Cherry Wine. �my friends marching off to war, not marching anymore. Not qualified. Only God has the right to say who lives or dies. �Watch the mountain turn to dust, .. Has to be another way, Sweet Cherry Wine. �.Everyone we got to get together now. The Beauty of life only will survive if we love one another. Sweet Cherry Wine.� Tommy James and the Shondells.

Chapter 18: 1964-1968 History of the United States of America

Betty Friedan wrote �The Feminine Mystique�, 1963. Not every woman was okay just being a stay at home mom. Women were tired of being told to sack their creativity, their ambitions, and forget they have them. Tired of being condescended by men; tired of being identified even, as if you are worthy only because you are attached to the man you are married to. Women could only be a mother, housekeeper, teacher, secretary, or nurse. Women out side of these roles,.. not so common. Women were paid less for the same job then men.

Vice-President Johnson was in another car, in the same motorcade that drove through Dallas, on the day President Kennedy was assassinated. He was inaugurated as President on Air Force One, while they flew back to Washington D.C. from Dallas.

Lyndon Baines Johnson was a New Deal guy, who did campaign pro-union; however, during the 1950�s, he was staunchly anti civil rights, -- as he was a Senator from Texas, [partner in mentality with the deep south]. He even had voted against an anti-lynching law. 1955, he became Senate Majority Leader, [and, it is said, he was a good one, who reached across the isle as they say, to get things passed.] Kennedy and Johnson were not made of the same cloth, and they were hardly best buddies. As it is said, he was not given much to do as Vice-President, is not either, true. Kennedy did involve him in things, he was included in important meetings; domestic and international. Kennedy made Johnson head of the Presidents� Committee of Equal Employment Opportunity, where he worked directly with African Americans and others; and in so doing, it is Johnson who is accredited for moving the cause for civil rights forward, faster. [Probably a deliberate idea by Kennedy, knowing Johnson�s background.]

Before Kennedy was assassinated, Civil Rights, Medicare, and tax reform bills were waiting to be passed in Congress. It wouldn�t be until the next election of 1964, when several liberals were elected into Congress. Meanwhile, before President Kennedy died, Life Magazine, {Time Inc.} was given a scandalous story concerning Johnson�s crooked actions. �.fed to the magazine by Robert Kennedy!, Attorney General and the President�s brother. It is said Kennedy wanted Johnson off the presidential ticket.

�.But why be dishonest about it? 1963, a man by the name of Don B. Reynolds, appeared before a secret session of the Senate Rules Committee, accusing Johnson of bribery charges, kickbacks. ..�100,000 dollars payoff to Johnson for his role in securing a Ft. Worth TFX contract.� �.Or rather, he was making a heck of a lot more money as Vice-President then others? And then President Kennedy was assassinated. Life Magazine decided to drop the articles they were working on concerning Johnson�s illegalities, because now, Johnson was suddenly President.

Johnson, while president, leaks to the Washington Post to Drew Pearson and Jack Anderson, that Reynolds lied about his academic success at West Point, that Reynolds had lied about business foes to the McCarthy committee, saying they were undercover communists, and that Reynolds had made anti-Semitic comments, in Berlin, way back in 1953. This doesn�t seem honest of the president. �..A few weeks later the New York Times reported Johnson had used secret information to smear Reynolds, and that Johnson was even pressuring newspapers to keep quiet about whatever was concerning him. �.This whole scandal, out there, but it fettered away.

July of 1964, election year, and Congress passed the Civil Rights Act, -- Head Start, Job Corps, Upward Bound [money for poor students to go to college], Neighborhood health Corps, to train the unemployed teens, Teacher Corps for training. . Finally the real purpose of the 14th Amendment will be honored. Discrimination is illegal. Period.

When Johnson signed this Act, they say he said, that he was �signing away the south for 50 years.� There was a second Civil Rights Bill that passed in 1965, ..the Voting Rights Act�... Needs to occur anyway.

The 24th Amendment was ratified by 3/4th the states 1-23-1964. Outlawed poll taxes as a requirement for voting in federal elections. The Voting Rights Act of 1965, augmented the law, as the States will need to follow the 24th Amendment.

The Anti-Poverty Act of 1964. $947.5 million for job training centers, student loans, low income farmers, education programs. �.At this hour, however, the deficit was at its lowest in five years, simply because spending power was better then ever before in U.S. history, -- and hasn�t since, ever again been as good, 2012.

It wasn�t as if the Voting Rights Act came about as some minor after thought, at all. The Civil Rights passage meant not much, if you can�t even vote. The Poll tax. In Selma, Alabama, the black neighborhoods had dirt roads, the white neighborhoods had paved roads. Always a way to keep the black people from voting, (is why the mean spirited Sheriff ran the tone in racist Selma, -- the black people certainly would know better then to vote for this guy.)

The SNCC [Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee], invited Reverend King to please come to Selma and help. He did of course, �at Brown�s Chapel he said, �Give us the ballot.� ��.Well, a group of Civil Rights protesters marched to the courthouse, in order to register to vote. They were not even allowed inside. And when the SNCC came to give these protestors some food, police hit them with Billy clubs. �. 100 teachers marched.

Reverend King led a march with 250 citizens who went to register to vote. All were thrown into jail. Hearing of King�s arrest, 500 school children marched to the courthouse. They were arrested. 2 days later, 300 more school children were arrested.

�Television crews for the first time in history were catching the whole scene on camera.

King wrote a letter from jail, �There are more Negroes in jail with me than there are on voting rolls.� �..Malcolm X was also invited to Selma by the SNCC. He told King�s wife, Coretta, �I want Dr. King to know that I didn�t come to Selma to make his job difficult. If the white people realize what the alternative is, perhaps they will be more willing to hear Dr. King.�

Two weeks later, Malcolm X was murdered by black Muslims.

Meanwhile in Selma, protestors received daily beatings, some severe, by police. When Jimmy Lee Jackson was badly beaten, he took his grandfather into a restaurant, where his mother was for safety. The evil police followed him. A policeman hits his mother, and then shot Jimmy to death.

600 women, men, and children, gathered at Brown�s Chapel, to march 58 miles to Montgomery, to meet with Governor George Wallace. They marched 12 blocks, and then crossed the Edmund Pettus Bridge. On the other side of the bridge, Alabama State Troopers were lined up, carrying gas masks, bullwhips, and Billy clubs. They threw tear gas bombs and beat everyone up they could grab a hold of. As television crews caught the whole thing for American viewers to eye witness. ....The public was horrified.

King sent telegrams inviting prominent people to come to Selma and help. Abraham Heschel, Rabbi, came; World leader from the United Nations, and Nobel Peace Prize winner, Ralph Bunche came; as did Unitarian minister James Reeb, from Boston.

Mr. Reeb and some other white ministers ate at a black caf�. For this, they were beaten to death. �..The President came out horrified, and announced that he was sending immediately, a voting rights bill to Congress. And he ended his speech with, �We shall overcome.�

Six days later, 4,000 black and white people marched from that same bridge to Montgomery. This time they had the National Guard protecting them. Ultimately, 25,000 people, black and white people, joined the march.

Internationally, before the 1964 elections, North Vietnam was funding the National Liberation Front to take over South Vietnam, and they were winning. President Johnson�s Joint Chief of Staff advised him to send U.S. troops to Vietnam. The new leader of South Vietnam, Nguyen Khanh, didn�t believe his army was large enough to defend themselves. �.Johnson said, �Just let me get elected, and then you can have your war.�

President Johnson: �..if we quit Vietnam, tomorrow, we�ll be fighting in Hawaii and next week will have to fight in San Francisco.� As he likely genuinely felt this way exactly.

Well, they can�t wait 11 months, until Johnson is elected, assuming he wins. Another plan had been in the works already anyway, to simply bomb Hanoi back to the stone age, -- as Curtis Lemay, Commander of the U.S. air force had put it. This way the NLF will be cut off, thus, they will loose and go away. But others didn�t think this would work. We need to bomb selected targets, military bases and fuel depots. Johnson agreed to this last idea; so go for it.

Presidential election year of 1964, and Operation Plan 34A began. Asian mercenaries were sent into North Vietnam to sabotage and kidnap or kill communist officials. U.S. destroyers entered North Vietnam water to gain information, to spy. �August 2nd, North Vietnam torpedo boats sank a U.S. destroyer, the Maddox, in the Gulf of Tonkin. The U.S. hit three of North Vietnam�s torpedo boats, destroying one. Johnson then ordered the bombing of four North Vietnam torpedo boat bases, and an oil storage depot, -- that had already been planned anyway.

Then the President came on television, and told the U.S. citizens, �Repeated acts of violence against the�U.S. must be met�with alert defense, �with a positive reply. That reply is being given as I speak tonight.� Congress approved the bombing campaign. The Gulf of Tonkin resolution was voted for by all Congress members except 2 Senators.

Well, if you must know, the U.S. Maddox wasn�t so innocent; and there was one false report concerning another possible torpedo attack, that never took place, �was a fish or something instead. The president knew it was an error. Thus, the U.S. citizens heard it, as if the report hadn�t been wrong. The Credibility Gap, the press will begin to call it, concerning the War in Vietnam. Are you sure it happened just this way.

The bombing campaigns did not achieve anything they had hoped for; as the NLF isn�t being cut off, is for certain. Ho Chi Minh, the North Vietnamese leader isn�t going to stop supporting the NLF, was the feel. Two days before the Presidential election, the NLF mortared a U.S. airbase, [small ground bombs], and four U.S. citizens were killed.

The election of 1964. The Republicans nominated Barry Goldwater, war hawk. The war was the biggest issue that year. As Goldwater�s hawkishness made Johnson come across as quite the dove; because he said that Asian boys, not American Boys, should fight their own wars if they can. This was the year the famous �daisy political ad� aired on TV, only one time, [showing an atomic bomb blowing up behind a child holding a daisy]. Domestically, the economy was better then it ever was in world history, wages were higher then in all of world history. Thus, for the Republicans, our economy is good enough, now all we ever have to worry over, ever, is communism, while we balance our budgets. All the while, concerning racism, some liberal Republicans at this time, still existed; and they were horrified by Barry Goldwater�s �roll back� idea to defeat the Communists; because, what on earth will he do in office? Will he be unreasonable, with the foreigners? Place us all in danger? ��.Meanwhile, Johnson not only seemed a safer bet concerning international issues, he ran on the campaign slogan, �The Great Society� to help poor people, civil rights, -- continues on what Kennedy began, and more. The War on Poverty. �..Except, at the Democratic Convention, the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party challenged Mississippi�s all white delegation that was created in a discriminatory voting. Hubert Humphrey and others created a compromise. Half of both groups will be in the delegations. And no more, will discriminatory delegations be allowed at the Democratic Conventions. ��.Johnson won a landslide election. The largest in U.S. history! Goldwater only won his own state of Arizona.

All Great Society legislation that will pass Congress occurred reasonably quickly. Education aid, attacking disease, Medicare, Medicaid, urban renewal, beautification, conservation, crime prevention, fighting against poverty and special help for poor children. Aid to Appalachia, youth employment programs, improved unemployment insurance, a domestic peace corps, expanding the area redevelopment programs. �.Elementary and Secondary Education Act, 1965: Was the first time large sums of money had been given to public and even private schools. 1965. Older Americans Act. Social Security Act. Voting rights. Immigration and National Services Act. 1966, [took the discrimination against brown people out of immigration policies.] Freedom of Information Act. The Higher Education Act of 1965, work study program, and grants for poor students. The National endowment for the Humanities and the Arts. ��War on Poverty� legislation. Equal Opportunity Act, Head Start, food stamp program, Work Study, Medicare, Medicaid, were all passed. President Truman and his wife Bess, in a ceremony, were given the first two Medicare cards, by President Johnson. Welfare. Johnson may be this or that; but actions speak louder then words; and officially, much suffering since the 1960�s did not occur because some of the poor, [the ones with children, or the elderly], had stress assistance now. Although, monies given, were not always creating programs correctly, thus solving issues permanently, nor is there a life line for everyone in danger of homelessness, even to this day; and the suffering is extreme; and the political leaders are held accountable on earth as in Heaven. �.. 1966, the Republicans gained 3 seats in the Senate, and 47 seats in the House. From this day forward, no more Great Society Legislation.

Government is supposed to criminally neglect. Everyone knows this is rude.

The Great Society programs are for the War on Poverty. No poverty, well educated children, healthcare is a birthright, jobs obtainable by all. Truth is true only, is a moral nation only. Our meaning of life, the reason we begin life on a material world, is to prepare conscious beings for their eternal destiny, is certainly living a normal life as they are. This fact, to be told, can not be pretended as an opinion, without lying. The Golden Rule is fact only. Now you know you know, 2013.

While, atheists who have empathy are not really atheists, religionists who claim to believe in God, but are for criminal neglect, don�t believe the Golden Rule is fact only, certainly do not actually believe in God. If people can just suffer through out their life: pretend they deserve it. Doesn�t even know the person. [Might be the most honest person.] Even a real sociopath should be home, in jail, safe, with Netflex, and feel good drugs, � for counseling, to help him cope with his seemingly no empathy level, [as we try to save souls that seem unable to be saved even]. It is the Real Law. �Jails are, at this writing, barbarically run.

�In a world where the science of philosophy is destroyed: Ethics a mere opinion.
Liberals care for the poor. I did think so at the time; however, in retrospect, they mostly did not. [Our best sitcoms on the television, �Andy Griffith Show�, �My Three Sons�, �Leave it To Beaver� all had that hobo show; you know the one, where the 1930�s hobo takes advantage. Most homeless people are being prevented from being safe; they are being murdered by societies view to criminally neglect, -- with the excuse that they somehow deserve it, or, it can�t be me. The viciousness to see, that yes you can be homeless; and we will not help you because you are, is so extreme, seriously, go kill people, if this is okay, is the message now. Ethical people can be taught better.] The Liberals also, were:

Snobs. If you are sophisticated, you are not prejudice; yet, low self esteem is the by product of a society that believes in ego; thus these very people, no matter their race, most of them, were prejudiced, therefore �better� then slow people, mentally ill people, retarded people, lowly paid people, gay people, people with missing teeth. Self hatred is better, does augment self hatred.

Liberal Republicanism disappeared with Eisenhower, almost, as the Great Depression of the 1930�s: now a distant memory. We don�t need those stimulus� anymore. As you must remember that how the economy works, is only now, clear for everyone, even a small child, to understand fully. Is in this history book. Yet, did simplicity bring about a new conclusion concerning the economy ? No. None whatsoever. To such a degree, that everyone who was an adult before 1966, did know the stimulus was everything; they saw it in action. And then, the economy is good enough? This is why ivy league colleges don�t know the difference between a fact and an opinion, if the subject concerns the economy? We can be rid of New Deal era facts? Assign poverty suffers, for future generations is what they chose to do. Everyone who is poor within the United States today, is, because they chose to be rid of economic fact earned as fact during the New Deal era. The liberal snobs should have stopped this; but snobs are never helpful..

�If you turn the poor into purchasers�, said Martin Luther King Jr.

Those liberal colleges make us so angry. How dare they not cover up New Deal facts is why they said this statement.

Since the forties a machine began to pick cotton: the Mechanical Cotton Picker. Don�t need people anymore. They say, some black people in the deep south were handed free bus tickets to move north, to the big cities. Most didn�t get a free ticket; however, approximately 5,000,000 black people had to move north, to the big cities to find work.

��.No city is nice if you are poor. And although the economy was the best ever, (and is fixing to go down hill from here on out, due to interest rate hikes, and keeping wages down as much as possible), our economy has never been fully healed, or rather has never been a 100% purchasing economy, not ever. Such an economy is ridiculously wealthy. [Is not utopia, but merely a normal world.] The American Dream idea was here, -- anyone can have it, [a lie then and a lie now]; but it almost wasn�t a lie; and if they had continued to augment wages, and Not neglect, poverty would have been cured.
No poor person will get ahead unless he brilliantly invents something, plays sports, the arts, or something. Have to know someone to attain a half decent job. [If you didn�t waitress when you were young, you won�t ever get hired. It isn�t a difficult job.] There is not job security today. Lunatics run amuck in the workplace; they lie to have their co worker fired for the fun of it.. �.In the inner neighborhoods of the major northern cities, there wasn�t enough jobs to go around, -- for all the displaced workers. The White poor were 2 thirds of the poor; however, the black people and the Mexican people had a much larger portion of people living in poverty, compared to the ratio of race population numbers. No matter your color, you are not happy with your lot, if you are poor. �As all poor, receive antiquated education, terrible public transportation, having to deal with crime. �.1963, the unemployment rate for white people was 4.8; and the unemployment rate for non whites was 12.1, which is depression levels. Depression level unemployment in the best economy ever?

There is no freedom if you are in poverty. No matter who you are.

Even as the Great Society legislation was being passed, the poor people, none for whom are satisfied with being forced to live in poverty until you die, the bad conditions for the poor in the northern cities, where now, 50% of the black population live: Poverty isn�t even properly addressed; because if it were, everyone would know they were being helped out of it, actually. �.In Florida, a Negro woman had been murdered, and a Negro school received a bomb threat, and then riots occurred as a reaction. In Cleveland a white minister who sat in the path of a bulldozer to protest discrimination against black people in the construction business, was murdered. This set off a riot. 1965. There were riots in Rochester, Jersey City, Chicago, and Philadelphia.

1965. As President Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act, Riots broke out in Watts section of Los Angeles, lasting 6 days. 34 died. [This riot was provoked by a forced arrest of a Negro driver, and the clubbing of a bystander by police, and the arrest of a black woman falsely accused of spitting on a police man.]. Along with general rioting, stores were fire bombed, and looted. And then riots broke out in the inner cities of Newark, Chicago, and Cleveland. The Summer Riots. Angry black leaders were taking hold. And soon their voices will grow even stronger. Militant black leader Stokely Carmichael: �We been saying freedom for six years, and we ain�t got nothing.� �..Johnson asked Illinois governor Otto Kerner to investigate the cause of these riots. The Kerner Commission said racism.

�Poverty has no justification in our age,� said Martin Luther King, �War is obsolete.�

Martin Luther King was invited north. He was now broadening his campaign to include all the poor. Time to cure poverty, -- as he knew continued stimulus� can make this occur. Especially in the best economy in World history. However, violent protesting will win; and violent protesting tells Martin Luther King to go away.

Meanwhile, the war raged on. 3 months into Johnson�s term, Operation Rolling Thunder. [It was to last only 8 weeks, but ended up lasting 3 years.] Many air raids upon North Vietnam now, and on a regular basis. The whole purpose was to cut the North Vietnam fighters, (NLF), in South Vietnam off. Perhaps Ho Chi Min, the leader of North Vietnam will cease funding them, give up, something. Some of these bombing were in South Vietnam. They sprayed chemicals on the crops, so that the NLF will starve. Agent Blue. The civilians suffered the most.

The NLF attacked U.S. air bases. General William Westmoreland, in charge of the military advisors, said 23,000 men are not enough to protect the bases. 3-8-1965. 3,500 U.S. marines have arrived in South Vietnam officially, now. The public was told this is a short term military action. No one was paying much attention at first. �Westmoreland was glad these NLF soldiers were fighting out in the open, -- which they tended not to do.

90,000 NLF soldiers died. What Westmoreland didn�t realize, the NLF were attempting to trick the U.S. soldiers out of the urban areas.

The Tet New Year is celebrated every year, in Vietnam, on January 31. Except, in 1968, on Tet New Year, 70,000 NLF soldiers attacked one hundred South Vietnam urban areas. They attacked the U.S. embassy in Saigon, South Vietnam, killing 5 U.S. marines, but could not capture the embassy building. However, they did capture Saigon�s main radio station, for a few hours. This shocked the United States citizens, as the �credibility gap� was being reported. [So what the heck? We aren�t winning?]

The Tet Offensive killed 37,000 attacking NLF soldiers. Only 2,500 U.S. soldiers died. Sounds like the U.S. was in control, but by March of 1968, it became clear that there was an infinite supply of ALF soldiers to replace the dead.

Johnson was told by his Secretary of Defense that this war cannot be won. So President Johnson came on television and told the public that he was reducing air-raids and decided to seek a negotiated peace. The October Surprise they called it. Halloween 1968. ��all air, naval, and artillery bombardment of North Vietnam. Negotiating at the Paris Peace Talks.�

Eldridge Cleaver, black Civil Rights leader, and others were upset that the poor are fighting this war! As the college students were able to get a deferment from the draft.

The draft doesn�t give choices for the poor. .. As television made the Vietnam War the first televised war. The terrifying war images on the nightly news programs. Dead soldiers, Civilians. Famous pictures from the war: of the little girl and boy running from their napalmed school building, the North Vietnamese man being assassinated. And more. The people were beginning to get very upset about this war. First, it was the college students who began to protest against the war on campus. �January 1968, Walter Cronkite reported on the CBS news, during the Tet Offensive, that the Vietnam War cannot be won. ��..Johnson said, �If I lost Cronkite, I�ve lost middle America.�

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Re: Chapter 18: 1964-1968: History of the United States of America -- part 2, 10:19:00 08/22/13 Thu