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Subject: Re: Mother Enga


Author:
Forever Engan
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Date Posted: Fri, Aug 25 2006, 11:35:58am
In reply to: Kaim 's message, "Re: Mother Enga" on Wed, Aug 23 2006, 01:12:00pm

Dear Father Laka and Naiepelam Tange-Upper Ambum

Iam fascinated by reading your views on education in Enga and related development issues. You two are expressing issues which are very important to a lot of Engans including myself.

I believe we have the mindsets in place to move this province in education, economic and social development as well as spiritual development as mentioned by Fr. Laka. A lot of Engans out there are genuinely concerned and share the same sentiments that you two have expressed.

However, there is something about Engans which I believe is a major problem and Iam hoping if you two can shed some light on this issue. And please do correct me if my perceptions are wrong or my fathers/grandfathers have taught me wrong. Am I wrong to believe that a good number of engans have an attitude problem? Firstly, we have no respect for public/government and neighbours/others property.Let me give some examples here.

-The burning down of Sopas hospital
-The burning down of church (SDA)property in lakamanda
-Burning of school in Akom fight
-Chewing of bettlenut & spitting in offices(educated people)
-chewing of bettlenut and smoking into peoples faces in crowded buses
-Robbing of fuel from freighters that go off the road
The list could go on.....

This contradicts what my fathers told me about enga and engan attitude. They said engans were peaceful people who respected others and strangers and were very hospitable people. They only fought when it was really necessary and there was no killing of women and children. Has the introduction of western ways changed the attitude and mindset of Engans? For Enga to change, I believe one of the ways is to change this wrong attitude and mentality that people have. The thinking that if this is not mine, then who cares, why worry or be concerned. This attitude has to be changed if enga has to change, but my fellow Engans, how can we do this?

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[> [> [> Subject: Re: Mother Enga


Author:
Fr. Robert Laka (To Forever Engan)
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Date Posted: Sat, Aug 26 2006, 02:34:12am

Forever Engan,

I for one share the same sentiments with you regarding the attitude and mentality of Engans, but I do not want to raise my hands and point a finger at anyone, because it is evident everywhere I have been. Simply there are good and bad people everywhere on this planet and I guess we’ve got to live with them side by side, but at the end, the good prevails, only when the person is willing to change. Introduction of western culture may or may not contribute to the problems we have, rather, it is how people adjust to the challenges of the modern day society today.

By way of affirming what you shared, I have seen all that you have shared even to the extend of criminals making me literally walk with my underwear, when they took all that I had after I coming from my pastoral work, with a K5.00 offering. Life was dangerous and adventurous in a sense when I faced happenings like that during my short ministry in Enga as the person I have become, to serve my people.

I thought life was like that, but then I took the other approach and went to the guys who took my things. I said, I would share with them the little that I had only if they had asked me. I spent some time with them, they expressed their sentiments, which I believe are valid. (I wasn’t a foreigner to my brother Engans to deceive me).

Forever Engan, your grandfather and your father were right. We Engans are naturally good people as they have expressed. We may be hard headed, insensitive and being labeled as “wild west” but we are generally unique and decent people.

These positive traits that we have can be advocated and encourage with the shadows we have may be revived in a positive way rather then resolving to guns. A bullet for a bullet will increase more bullets and live becomes a misery. Revenges does not substitute the cost of a life, rather increases more pain.

It is true that through tribal conflicts the infrastructures usually get down to ashes and millions of kina are wasted. More lives are lost, many mothers loose their husbands and children, many children become orphans and many fathers loose their sons and it is a sad episode in the lives of the people. Sadly I myself have become a victim of such incidents, when a single bullet ceased the life of my father, a tragic death after a long struggle, should I say. He being a peace mediator, that single bullet ceased his life. I shouldn’t blame him for not being there if he thought about his family, he was doing his job. No vengeance was taken. I remember, he himself said, no vengeance. When the person (identified) noticed that no vengeance was taken upon him, he himself asked for forgiveness, which he received. Today, I still meet and talk with him.

The point I want to say here is that, it takes courage and energy for one to change then others making someone to change. We don’t change individuals, individuals change themselves, and in order for the individual to change, an environment has to be provided for people like that. Build and/or maintain the road net works we have, that would make the people having access to knowledge and information would be one possibility. Creating markets at the micro-level and inviting people to sell their products divert peoples’ attention to their business would be another. Empowering people to participate in certain business ventures would be a plus factor……. The list goes on.

Every Engans do not have to plant coffee or raise chicken. Dividing the 5 districts in Enga to engage in certain cash croups or other market products can ease competition at the same district, thus enabling the supply to be constant at the market level. Consistency in production enables people to be busy with their products. Places like Germany loves bananas. USA loves potatoes and they import for African as well as Latin American countries. Enga is a good venue for bananas, taro and other marketable vegetables. We have Engan leaders who have the potentials to negotiate successfully to open markets at a macro-level to supply fresh bananas straight from Wapenamanda to Germany, (of course through trade agreement). We have possibilities to venture into businesses and yet, people are NOT ENCOURAGED TO DO SO. If leaders would encourage and motivate people, by providing opportunities and open up trade agreements, it is possible for the people to venture into business. These would become possible on the condition that people would be consistent in supplying to meet the demands of the consumer.

I remember doing so when I was in DWU. I negotiated with the person in charge of the staff and student dinning halls of the university, and the vegetable suppliers from the highlands to supply vegetables to the dinning hall at the reasonable prices and it worked out well, until the supplier stated to cheat by buying vegetables in Madang and started selling them to us, so we had to stop the agreement. Sometimes, we are not consistent, but the point is that, if people are encourage and their products are sellable at the provincial level at a constant price, I guess, people would resolve to money, rather then bullets.

If however, opportunities are provided and people still resolved to guns, then I suggest a tougher law and order in the province. I guess, that would be the process of rehabilitating someone in the prison. A tougher penalty and a heavy consequence would be the solution.

This goes to smoking in public areas and chewing bettle nut as well. I guess the educated might be missing something, professional ethics. Our “taik” and “mana” pii of our fathers are the professional ethics that served as the pillar in the history of the Engan culture. These “taik” and “mana pii” I understand them in the modern day language of professional ethics. If these ethics are not being considered by the learned, then law is to come in. Laws are compulsory but then they do not last for a year if they are imposed. People take no notice of it, simple because, consequences are too lenient.

Again, it all melts down to the leader of the day. A number of good advisors teaming up with the leader to run the show would be a better way to easy our problems. If the leader doesn’t consider advises then, he/she is not worth being a leader. Someone has to show the way and lead. He/she has to motivate the others by doing so. By then, we dream of progress.

Finally, I always tell me students at the seminary a week before exams. Do not pray to God for miracles during your exam. You do your best in your studies and God will do the rest. Sweat your guts first, and then let God will do the rest. Our pious attitudes in Enga would help but it also means we need to sweat up first before we resolve religiosity to end our problems. A Latin phrase reads, “Ora et labora” meaning, work and pray. Nothing is impossible if a person is changed inwardly to quest for progress in a honest way. “Honesty is the best policy” - as some say . Someone has to lead the way.

Am I too idealistic? I don’t know, my reflections could be only a day dream. Pii iki lelyo. Please correct me if these are not possible, I will accept them with a genuine heart. I also welcome other suggestions that would be worth sharing in this forum.

Fr. Robert Laka, (Tsikiro Tange Ambum)
Slovenia - Europe

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[> [> [> [> Subject: P.K. for Lagaip/Porgera 2007: For the Agricultural Revolution of Enga/PNG, we stand!!


Author:
KLagaipT3
[ Edit | View ]

Date Posted: Mon, Aug 28 2006, 03:21:05am

Before we can expound on the complementary essence and contribution of road networks and telecommunications infrastructure towards agriculture development in the Enga Province, we must also consider the scarcity of resources to finance peasant farmers throughout the province before they may be able to earn stable incomes off of their under-utilized land. (In a nation where savings is appallingly low, national expenditures or GDP growth is heavily reliant on government or public spending, though recent gains in private investment, international transfers and trade surpluses may be somewhat temporary.) Most farming units in Enga (or the developing world) may be referred to as households or nucleus estates owned by individual families which are headed by male custodians of customarily owned land. Unfortunately for nucleus estates in the pyrethrum industry (or for coffee and tea), farmers remain oblivious or do not have access to relevant techniques (e.g. irrigation styles), tools (e.g. shovel) and basic crop education (e.g. crop grade/quality) to increase valuable yields per harvest. Hence, Enga (and PNG) annually produces low quantities and inferior qualities of harvest compared to other competiting sovereign nations in the likes of Brazil and Kenya, rendering us as "price-takers", rather than "price-makers".

The productivity of mini-plantations or nucleus estates need to be raised through major capitalizing and monitoring efforts pursued by agriculture funding agencies such as the Agriculture Development Bank of Papua New Guinea. Multilateral aid from the ADB and World Bank intended for PNG's agriculture sector, only trickles through to the Agriculture Develpment Bank of PNG but it can do little more than just issue a limited number of concessional loans to landowners for farming initiatives only. But, such funds still have the potential to ensure cash is circulated so that the telecommunications industry may also be ignited for peasant farmer needs, such as calling commodity retailers and passing on information about crop quantity and quality required or deadlines for delivery. Hence through the issuance of mobile phones funded and managed jointly my the Agiculture Development Bank, farmers should inevitably be able to afford other mobile phones brought on by the globally inexpensive cost of mobile or wireless technology.

However, due to population pressures, Enga must remain wary and needs to maintain income equality and social equilibrium amongst individual farmers as society is bound to face negative industrial repercussions in the monetary economy. (For instance, in the Peruvian experience, large corporate-run plantations crushed small competing farmers, creating landless peasant farmers displaced and impoverished. "Poverty breeds poverty" and hence, PNG's Land Mobilization policy needs to be proactive study and regulation when private involvement becomes inevitable in the agriculture sector.)

(Marketing researchers of mobile telecommunication firms should be forgiven for believing there is a lack of market in rural areas but this is absolute hogwash! In communal numbers does a market exist! One mobile phone owned by a local farmer (male or female) has the capacity to serve an entire extended family or clan for its communications needs. Members of the community through shared use and cost accountability may be able to share a single cell phone. The success of the relatively inexpensive mobile phone and its immense contribution to the growth of the agricultural industry can be drawn from the Bangladeshi Grameen Phone Ladies experience.)

Education is off-course a necessity to equip the human resource with basic skills for arithmetic, reading, and writing competency. In an economy of PNG's under-developed calibre, an highly intellectual and professional elite class of lawyers, economists and medical doctors has emerged and it continues to widen the rift between the upper classes and lower classes, which is synonymous to inequality between the majority of the rurally poor and the urban rich. (Due to economic constraints and individual pursuits of wealth and self-esteem, human guinea pigs of Enga's free-education system have been sliced in the slaughter houses of urban localities where unemployment is rampant and the temptation to resort to crime tantalizes the human mind. (Ipatas has faithfully funded tertiary institutions with annual budgetary appropriations that continue to maintain such an unequal social status quo as high school pass rates plummet, and provincial plans are left undeveloped.) The Ag. Bank's local branch in Enga continues to play a surviving game in a highly volatile market where default risks remain incredibly high and government cooperation minimal.

A legislative mechanism is needed to relay public policies of the national government down through its agencies (e.g. Agriculure Development Bank) and departments (Agriculture & Livestock, National Planning) to empower the Rural Farmer. Furthermore, the PNG constitution needs to be revisited to give new meaning to the term "UNIVERSAL ACCESS" of basic infrastructure services so that it is equally intended for everyone, regardless of locale, race, sex or economic endowment. Furthermore the powers and policy-making agendas of provincial goverments thought the Law on Local Level Governments need to concur to national development policies. Unfortunately, a national dilemma exists where each province is at liberty to endulge in its own serving of petty in-house politics which ultimately draws on public funds contributing to public debt and inefficiencies in the public service.

...........................................................

(I myself was aggravated by the lack of cooperation among Engan leaders, most especially Karpa Yakka who was a member of the NEC post-June 2002, and had the option to vouch for my father as a fellow Lagaip citizen and Engan to retain his position as one of PNG's most valuable bureaucrats (Secretary for National Planning & Rural Development). I, speak defiantly on my own behalf as the son of Philip Kikala, a leading contesting for the Lagaip/Porgera seat in the 2007 National Elections. He is an intellectual (Masters, Economics - Norwich, UK and Masters, Rural Development - Ottawa, Canada), visionary (e.g. auther of the ADB funded Nucleus-Enterprise policy for national agriculture development) and proven leader in both the village and national scene.

To the Karpa Yakka supporters who undeservedly slandered me and my father's good name in mid-2002, I NOW officially respond to your misdemeanor and challenge you to challenge me face-to-face for the SHOWDOWN in Lagaip/Porgera!!)

Stephen Kapusa Kyakala
Tokyo, Japan

[ Post a Reply to This Message ]
[> [> [> [> Subject: P.K. for Lagaip/Porgera 2007: For the Agricultural Revolution of Enga/PNG, we stand!!


Author:
KLagaipT3
[ Edit | View ]

Date Posted: Mon, Aug 28 2006, 03:37:49am

Before we can expound on the complementary essence and contribution of road networks and telecommunications infrastructure towards agriculture development in the Enga Province, we must also consider the scarcity of resources to finance peasant farmers before they may be able to earn stable incomes off of their under-utilized land. (In a nation where savings is appallingly low, national expenditures or GDP growth is heavily reliant on government or public spending, though recent gains in private investment, international transfers and trade surpluses may be somewhat temporary.) Most farming units in Enga (or the developing world) may be referred to as households or nucleus estates owned by individual families which are headed by male custodians of customarily owned land. Unfortunately for nucleus estates in the pyrethrum industry (or for coffee and tea), farmers remain oblivious or do not have access to relevant techniques (e.g. irrigation styles), tools (e.g. shovel) and basic crop education (e.g. crop grade/quality) to increase valuable yields per harvest. Hence, Enga (and PNG) annually produces low quantities and inferior qualities of harvest compared to other competiting sovereign nations in the likes of Brazil and Kenya, rendering us as "price-takers", rather than "price-makers".

The productivity of mini-plantations or nucleus estates need to be raised through major capitalizing and monitoring efforts pursued by agriculture funding agencies such as the Agriculture Development Bank of Papua New Guinea. Multilateral aid from the ADB and World Bank intended for PNG's agriculture sector, only trickles through to the Agriculture Develpment Bank of PNG but it can do little more than just issue a limited number of concessional loans to landowners for farming initiatives only. But, such funds may still be used to finance distribution of mobile phones for rural farm users. Farmers need the inexpensive technology of mobile phones to communicate with commodity retailers or buyers about the required crop quantity, quality or time of delivery. If coordination in the industry is upheld between the players (growers, retailers, international buyers), than can Enga or PNG's agriculture revolution be realized!!

However, due to population pressures, Enga must remain wary and needs to maintain income equality and social equilibrium amongst individual farmers as society is bound to face negative industrial repercussions in the monetary economy. (For instance, in the Peruvian experience, large corporate-run plantations crushed small competing farmers, creating landless peasant farmers displaced and impoverished. "Poverty breeds poverty" and thus, PNG's Land Mobilization policy needs to be proactively studied and regulated when private involvement becomes inevitable in the agriculture sector.)

(Marketing researchers of mobile telecommunication firms should be forgiven for believing there is a lack of market in rural areas but this is absolute hogwash! In communal numbers does a market exist! One mobile phone owned by a local farmer (male or female) has the capacity to serve an entire extended family or clan for its communications needs. Members of the community through shared use and cost accountability may be able to share a single cell phone. The success of the relatively inexpensive mobile phone and its immense contribution to the growth of the agricultural industry can be drawn from the Bangladeshi Grameen Phone Ladies experience.)

Education is off-course a necessity to equip the human resource with basic skills for arithmetic, reading, and writing competency. In an economy of PNG's under-developed calibre, an highly intellectual and professional elite class of lawyers, economists and medical doctors has emerged and it continues to widen the rift between the upper class and lower class, which is almost synonymous to inequality between the majority of the rurally poor and the urban rich. (Due to economic constraints and individual pursuits of wealth and self-esteem, human guinea pigs of Enga's free-education system have been sliced in the slaughter houses of urban localities where unemployment is rampant and the temptation to resort to crime tantalizes the human mind. (Ipatas has faithfully funded tertiary institutions with annual budgetary appropriations that continue to maintain such an unequal social status quo as high school pass rates plummet, and provincial agriculture plans are left undeveloped.) The Agriculture Development Bank's local branch in Enga continues to play a surviving game in a highly volatile market where default risks remain incredibly high and government cooperation minimal.

A legislative mechanism is needed to relay public policies of the national government down through its agencies (e.g. Agriculure Development Bank) and departments (Agriculture & Livestock, National Planning) to empower the rural farmers. Furthermore, the PNG constitution needs to be revisited to give new meaning to the term "UNIVERSAL ACCESS" of basic infrastructure services so that it is equally intended for everyone, regardless of locale, race, sex or economic endowment. Furthermore the powers and policy-making agendas of provincial goverments through the Law on Local Level Governments, need to concur to national development policies. Unfortunately, a national dilemma exists where each province is at liberty to endulge in its own serving of petty in-house politics which ultimately draws on public funds contributing to public debt and inefficiencies in the public service!!

...........................................................

(I myself was aggravated by the lack of cooperation among Engan leaders, most especially Karpa Yakka who was a member of the NEC post-June 2002, and had the option to vouch for my father as a fellow Lagaip citizen and Engan to retain his position as one of PNG's most valuable bureaucrats (Secretary for National Planning & Rural Development). I, speak defiantly on my own behalf as the son of Philip Kikala, a leading contesting for the Lagaip/Porgera seat in the 2007 National Elections. He is an intellectual (Masters, Economics - Norwich, UK and Masters, Rural Development - Ottawa, Canada), visionary (e.g. author of the ADB funded Nucleus-Enterprise policy for national agriculture development) and proven leader in both the village and national scene.

To the Karpa Yakka supporters who undeservedly slandered me and my father's good name in mid-2002, I NOW officially respond to your misdemeanor and challenge you to challenge me face-to-face for the SHOWDOWN in Lagaip/Porgera!!)

Stephen Kapusa Kyakala
Tokyo, Japan

[ Post a Reply to This Message ]


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