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Date Posted: 17:57:36 07/02/03 Wed
Author: Marcos Manso
Subject: TASK 9

TASK-BASED APPROACH

The task-based approach is a recent approach to course design which aims at developing communicative competence to students in order to enable them to communicate effectively in a second language. To achieve this competence some graded activities or tasks are proposed. These tasks are differentiated, sequenceable, variable problem-posing activities. The development of skills will increase according to the difficultness or complexity of the tasks. Consequentially a communicative or procedural syllabus is created taking level of difficulty, the learner and the stages into account.

Here are some of the most important characteristics of this approach:
· First of all, task difficulty is a central issue for the selection and grading of tasks.
· It includes a variety of units such as word, structure, notion, function, topic and situation.
· Students are required to interact in order to fulfill a task.
· Students not only perform the tasks but also focus on the process itself.
· The tasks are pedagogical, differentiated, sequenceable, problem posing and problem solving.
· They ensure a balance between accuracy and fluency.
· They are challenging but not too difficult, and not too easy either.
· They should facilitate language learning from the simple and brief activity to the lengthy and complex one.
· They induce students to make decisions.
· The focus is on meaning rather than on form.
· The content of the syllabus should be justified.
· Target tasks are produced upon a needs analysis and they should reflect ‘real-world’ activities such as taking part in a job interview, completing a credit card application, etc.
· Three essential elements are taking into account: language data (samples of spoken and written language), information (experiential, cultural, linguistic), and opportunities for practice.
· Information can be acquired deductively or inductively.
· Both ‘authentic’ and ‘non-authentic’ data can be used.

Marcos Manso

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