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Date Posted: 09:51:58 11/30/02 Sat
Author: Òðåéòÿê
Subject: Re: Ïðî ºâðå¿â, ãåáðå¿â, þäå¿â, ³óäå¿â, æèä³â òà ò.ï.
In reply to: Vitaliy 's message, "Re: Ïðî ºâðå¿â, ãåáðå¿â, þäå¿â, ³óäå¿â, æèä³â òà ò.ï." on 05:16:36 11/30/02 Sat

-- Çâè÷àéíî äîêòîð Ìàð÷óê

Ä-ð Ïåòðî ̲Ð×ÓÊ. Âèäàòíà îñîáà. Íàïèñàâ áàãàòî ³ñòîðè÷íèõ êíèæîê. Ïðî íüîãî òóò ìîæåòå ïðî÷èòàòè: http://www.geocities.com/ukrexlibris/mirczuk/author.html
http://www.geocities.com/upahistory/mirczuk/about_author.html

-- ì³ã çíàòè ÿê ³äèø òàê ³ ³âðèò òà ñòâåðäæóâàòè ïðî ïðàâèëüí³ñòü ÷è íåïðàâèëüí³ñòü âæèâàííÿ ñë³â ºâðåé òà æèä. Íà æàëü â³í íå íàâîäèòü ôîíåòè÷íî¿ òðàíñêðèïö³¿ ñëîâà (ñë³â).

Äëÿ òîãî íå òðåáà çíàòè ìîâè ïîâí³ñòþ. Ôîíåòèêà ñë³â:
³äèø : id/jid (ùîñü ñåðåäíº ì³æ "¿ä" òà "³ä")
³âðèò : jehudi - "h" ïðèòîìó ïîì³òíî ñëàáøå çà óêð. "ã", òîæ âèìîâëÿºòüñÿ ïðèáë. ÿê "þä³"/"ºóä³".
Ö³ëêîì î÷åâèäíî, ùî ïåðøå ïîõîäèòü â³ä äðóãîãî. Òðàíñêð³áóþ÷è ïåðøå ÿê jid, é ïðî÷èòóþ÷è j ÿê "æ" (ÿê-îò ó ôð. ìîâ³), îòðèìóºòå "æ³ä"/"æèä". Îòæå, "æèä" öå ò³ëüêè òðîõè çì³íåíà ñàìîíàçâà.

-- ³í íå çãàäóº é ïðî ³ñòîð³þ çàïîçè÷åííÿ ñëîâà. Õî÷à é âèäíî, ùî â óêðà¿íñüêó ìîâó ñëîâî ìîãëî ïîòðàòèòè ÿê ç Ãðåö³¿ ÷è Ðèìó òàê ³ ç Õîçàð³¿.

Ìîæëèâî. Àëå ãàäàþ, ùî ÿê ïèøå ̳ð÷óê, "öþ íàçâó çàíåñëè ñàì³ æèäè". Íàïåâíî, ãîâîðÿ÷è ºâðîïåéñüêèìè ìîâàìè, æèäè ñåáå òàê íàçèâàëè.  Óêðà¿í³ ïðîòÿãîì òèñÿ÷³ ðîê³â æèä³â çâàëè æèäàìè. Òà é ñàì³ æèäè â Óêðà¿í³ ñåáå çâàëè æèäàìè ùå ïåðåä Äð. ñâ³òîâîþ., ïðèíàéìí³ â Ãàëè÷èí³.

-- Òàê ñëîâî þäåé ìຠùå é çíà÷åííÿ "õòî ñïîâ³äóº ºâðåéñüêó ðåë³ã³þ".  òàêîìó âèïàäêó ð³çíèöÿ ì³æ çíà÷åííÿìè ùå ïîì³òí³øà.

Öå äëÿ Âàñ º ð³çíèöÿ. À â æèä³â, âæå óòðåòº ïîâòîðþþ, íåìຠð³çíèö³ ì³æ íàö³îíàëüí³ñòþ ³ ðåë³ã³þ: ë³òåðàëüíî, òîé õòî ñïîâ³äóº þäåéñüêó ðåë³ã³þ, ³ ââàæàºòüñÿ æèäîì. Ôîðìàëüíî, æèäîì ìîæíà çðîáèòèñÿ ÷åðåç ñïåö³àëüíó ïðîöåäóðó. Æèä, ùî âèõðèñòèâñÿ, ç ïîãëÿäó æèä³âñüêî¿ ãðîìàäè ïåðåñòຠáóòè æèäîì.
Âè äî æèä³â ç õðèñòèÿíñüêèì ï³äõîäîì ë³çåòå, à öå íåïðàâèëüíî. ßêùî íå äîâ³ðÿºòå, â³äøóêàéòå ñîá³ ÿêîãî-íåáóäü ðàáèíà, ³ éîãî ïîïèòàéòå.

- Äëÿ ïðèêëàäó, ãðîìàäÿíèíîì ²çíà¿ëþ ìîæå áóòè áóäü-ÿêèé ºâðåé, íàâ³òü òîé, õòî íå â³ðèòü â Áîãà.

Ì³æ ³íøèì, îðòîäîêñàëüíèì æèä³âñòâîì ïðàâí³ñòü ³ñíóâàííÿ òàêî¿ äåðæàâè, ÿê äåðæàâè, íå âèçíàºòüñÿ. Ïðàâäèâèé æèä çîáîâ"ÿçàíèé â³ðèòè é äîòðèìóâàòè ñâ ðåë³ã³¿, õî÷à á ôîðìàëüíî. Òàëìóäè÷íèé þäà¿çì - îô³ö³éíà ðåë³ã³ÿ äåðæàâè ²çðà¿ëü.
Âçàãàë³, òî ³íøà òåìà - ïðî íîâ³òíþ äåðæàâó ²çðà¿ëü, ç ö³ëîþ êóïîþ àñïåêò³â, ³ íå âàðòî íà íå¿ çáî÷óâàòè. Ïîçàÿê á³ëüø³ñòü æèä³â ñâ³òó ìåøêຠïîçà íåþ.

- Ö³ëêîì ìîæëèâî, ùî ñëîâî ºâðåé äîñèòü ìîëîäå. Ìîæëèâî âçãàë³ ç'ÿâèëîñü íåùîäàâíî. Ïðîòå äîáðå âèäíî ïðî éîãî àñîö³àö³þ ç æèäîì, à íå ç þäåºì.

ͳ, Âè ïîìèëÿºòåñÿ. Öå äóæå ñòàðå ñëîâî, ³ ÿê ïèøå ̳ð÷óê, éîãî âæèâàíî "ùå ó Ñâÿòîìó Ïèñüì³". "ªâðåé"="ãåáðåé"="hebrew" ³ ò.ä. Ñêàæ³ìî, çà ÷àñ³â Ìî¿ñåÿ òî º ãåáðå¿. Æèäè-þäå¿ öå ò³ëüêè ìàëèé óëàìîê äàâí³øèõ ãåáðå¿â - òàêèé ñîá³ ðåë³êò, ùî çáåð³ãñÿ äî íàøèõ ÷àñ³â. Ó ÿêîìóñü ñòàðîìó ë³òîïèñ³ öå ñëîâî çóñòð³÷àºòüñÿ ó ôîðì³ "ãàá³ðó", êîëè éäåòüñÿ ïðî ïåðø³ íàïàäè êî÷îâèõ ãåáðå¿â íà ì³ñòà Õàíààíó - Ïàëåñòèíè.  ò.÷. íà ªðóñàëèì.

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