Re: Chapter 10: 1860-1893: The History of the United States of America -- School Reform

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Date Posted: 11:47:12 08/22/13 Thu
Author: points
Author Host/IP: 199-195-168-213.southwestern-wireless.com / 199.195.168.213
Subject: Re: Chapter 10: 1860-1893: The History of the United States of America
In reply to: edy 's message, "Chapter 10: 1860-1893: The History of the United States of America" on 11:42:33 08/22/13 Thu

points for chapt. 10:

*1976, we had a bicentennial celebration; for it was the 200th anniversary of our country. 1876. The Centennial. They went all out with this celebration. Notably, they held the Centennial Exhibition with 249 structures at Philadelphia�s Fairmount Park. Yes, new futuristic technical advances, including the telephone, were on exhibit. [At Independence Square, Uncle Billy, -- Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman, -- was guest of honor at a huge Centennial parade.] At the Centennial Exhibition, Susan B. Anthony and 4 other women handed the master of ceremony to read the �Declaration of Women�s Rights�. Then these ladies handed invitations to a meeting at a nearby church, where everyone sang, �A Hundred Years Hence�, predicting a government no longer exclusively male. -- from �We Americans, National Geographic.�

*Life for the poor. ��Warrens of disease and despair, the worst slums had communal toilets and hallway wash troughs. Lack of ventilation made the air foul and sickening. In three years, 81 of the 138 children born in Gotham Court died, -- most in their first year. ��..Crowding created the horror. Riis told of 5 families, ---20 people-- living in one 12 by 12 foot room with 2 beds�.� also from �We Americans, National Geographic.�

*U.S. soldiers were in One constant war, for the whole history of the United States itself, up to 1880. How the U.S. would have fared so much better, if honest communication with the Red people, had created a fair deal. Crooks came to the New World is more real, then we suppose, in the first place. Crooks, who did not deal squarely with their own �friends� back in Europe. Do you think the very real Pocahontas is not devastated by what occurred after she left Earth?

* The gold standard and paper money: After the war, the Union retired the Greenback/dollar bill, -- or rather, people had to exchange the Greenback into gold. The paper money went away; but the farmers felt that not enough money in the system is why prices were so low for their crops, {a large crop supply, does not have enough demand, was the real reason}. Thus, to the farmers they simply needed more money in circulation, to "cheapen" it, so that their food products will cost more; thus the call to make new money was their big political issue. But to desire more inflation, will make everything too expensive, not just the product you sell, doesn't make much sense. In as much as, more money made would not have caused inflation, unless other factors were there to do so, -- such as a 20% rate for loans. Cheap money was the rallying call for the Greenback political Party. Cheap money is low interest rates; they were for this also. How the economy works was not known; not really.

* Silver became more prevalent, thus prices dropped against gold. So the mint ceased coining silver. The Greenback party wanted more money in circulation, so they demanded they coin silver again. So Congress created the Bland Allison Act, 1878, allowing the coining of silver again.
Not enough money in circulation? Of course minting more money of any kind, isn�t going to help prices, or anything. Yet, you should consider that if a country pays true living wages, thus the economy does very well, they will coin money the government already earned, instead of as a loan.
However, an impoverished country does not allow for the economic engine to have fuel. Today, we are not without enough money in circulation; but the money is concentrated in the investments and accounts of the wealthy. A lack of money isn�t the issue; only in the hands of the few, is. .. Yet, in those days, literally, they did have the problem of a lack of coins in circulation, as they substituted �postage currency� for small change, -- but they did have a substitution did they not?

*1890 Sherman Silver Purchase Act, coined more silver. �Well, a promise to redeem your money into gold, at full face value, is what the gold standard is. [As there is the issue of having loans backed by real wealth, -- gold, coal, property owned outright by the government for that matter. But you must give out loans not backed by real wealth, if no one can afford to take out a loan.] The government bought the silver with notes; and the notes could be redeemed in silver or gold. Well silver prices went down; 60cents to the dollar. Since silver prices were down, everyone redeemed them in gold; thus they had a gold shortage. So they cancelled the Sherman Silver Purchase Act. �.J.P. Morgan, one of the wealthiest men in the United States, recommended to President Cleveland: 1. Morgan will lend gold to the government. 2. That the government should secure as much gold as they can from foreign countries; and the U.S. should not pay out in gold to other countries if it can be helped. �It is said J.P. Morgan�s input calmed the market, and the gold run was over.
Thus, entering into politics was the gold standard guys verses the cheap money guys. The progressives tended to be for cheap money; and by 1896, William Jennings Bryan, famous progressive, became the democratic nominee. . Bryan gave his famous �Cross of Gold� speech. �The wealth of our country is upon our broad and fertile prairies.�

*Major Cattle Trails, all originating in Texas. Shawnee Trail, Chisholm Trail, Western Trail, Goodnight - Loving Trail, --Goodnight had a famous cow named Old Blue; famous for being a born leader, frankly.

*Pierre Proudhon, 1840, wrote �What is Property�. He came up with the term Anarchy, as something positive, meaning the absence of a master or sovereign. Anarchy is government�s behavior, is not going with fact is the golden rule, was observed most absolutely. He recognizes higher truth is truth, and the absolute ignorance of man. He recognizes the Gospels. They are not to be blamed for all the evil. ��the Roman Catholic Church and other Christian Churches,�disregarded the precept of Jesus;�are guilty of teaching false and absurd dogmas�� The world is in anarchy. Thus, you are an anarchist to be on Christ�s side of the matter?
Moral truth is true only, and this is the lesson for our earth; he didn�t realize. Government hurts people had to stop. They were anarchists against those who did not behave as if they had a god to concern to, -- the greedy people/capitalists.
[�Sources of the West. From 1600 to the Present.� Mark A. Kishlansky, Editor. Harvard University. Assisted, Victor L. Stater, of Louisiana State University. Longman @Mark a. Kishlansky]

*Adam Smith wrote �The Wealth of Nations�, 1776, -- during an active period of scientific discovery, in Europe. He clarified the economies supply and demand theory. Discussed how self interest tends to be the decider within the economy. {Self interest to have a soul, is to be added here.} Want to mention in short.

*Charles Darwin wrote "Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection" and then the �The Descent of Man�. The theory of evolution, [was actually around since the days of ancient Greece at least], was proven by discoveries Darwin had made. For instance, at the Galapagos Islands. 5 islands, and the same type of bird, each with a different beak. Why? Because the birds all had to get there food in differing ways; so their beaks were fashioned in such a way as to make it easiest for the bird to get his food.
This theory scared some religionists because they had been raised on the idea that the bible is absolute fact. The truth is, the science of psychology proves god�s existence; As moral truth exists only because he does; jealousy is false, only because he exists; high self esteem is fact because God exists; loneliness is false, because God exists, et cetera. The other sciences allude to god�s existence; psychology proves.
And to remember, that if God didn�t make our earth on �remote control� which is based in science then, we would not have any control over our environment. Our world came about logically therefore, instead of magically. �But the main reason for mentioning this book, is that politics would confuse mindless nature with God, and natural selection theories took hold as to why a guy who can�t compete can just go die a way or something.

* The Communist Manifesto. Written 1848 by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Addressed how to eradicate poverty. Not understanding the economy as we do today, they conjured up an idea for a country to own all the property. In so doing, there will be no poor people. The state will take care of them. The people will be given jobs. There is to be no homelessness or poverty was of course, the noble reasoning behind the ideas. They advocated dictatorship and to be rid of religion, so that the state will have more control. Advocating a fascist state, ignorant as this is, to be rid of religion was its number 2 failure as to why communism in practice did not work; for wages were kept as low as possible is a religious/spiritual problem, is reason number 1; thus it can be dealt with spiritually only, or rather, with the right attitude is spiritual. If they had paid living wages, the economy would have been well; but it would have still been held back in the way all fascist countries do. And without belief in God, as well as no personal benefit for me in a greedy spirit, there is no innovative spirit for the great cause of some �dude�. Ego thinks everyone is so dumb enough to worship a nations leader idea. �.And if there is no poverty, and you are honest, there is no reason not to have free press.

*In the early years, after the Communist Manifesto, the Americans began to hear of socialism, which to them was nothing more then the idea of being fair; the promise that poverty will be no more. What they never adhered to, none of them, was dictatorship of any kind, -- and there wasn�t any communist country yet. So when an American said he was Socialist, it merely meant they were for fairness towards those who work constantly their whole life, without even remotely honest compensation, -- again in dangerous conditions. Mr. Debs became a Socialist, American style, is, fair pay is right. [And yes, fair pay, is the only way capitalism will truly work.] They used this tag of socialism to try and make a man, who was truthfully, as honest as the driven snow, as if instead, some sort of anti freedom �name calling is what he received. Debs, as all who care to the basic safety of every single child of God, is only for freedom; but those who will mistreat their employees, and pay wages as low as possible, are only for freedom for themselves, thus they tread on others. And as is typical, those who tread on others, pretend that is what their victims do.

*Mr. Debs, is an American hero, is solely because he was ridiculously mistreated. And there is no excuse for it. He strived constantly for freedom, -- for all people to make enough, so that one will not need to worry about the safety of their own family. And as slavery, it�s gone on too long; and he seemed to fight a cause that will never be won, is irreligious to see. ----It was President Cleveland who pretended Debs should go to jail for failing to obey an injunction against a strike. Was not well meaning. And Woodrow Wilson threw Mr. Debs in jail for being against WWI. President Wilson actually order planes to bomb Miners in Virginia when they went on strike.

*The Corporate System: At first, referred to as the Trust system. Several companies came together as one. They handed out �trust certificates�. �1895, the Supreme court ruled, U.S. vs. E.C. Knight Co., that the anti trust law is fine, unless it affects interstate commerce, in which case it is not fine. In other words, the anti trust law wasn�t fine. �.Trust system turns into Holding companies after 1890. Now need a charter to start a corporation. Director of the company sells stock. They buy more holdings.

*Populist platform: �the newspapers are largely subsidized or muzzled; public opinion silenced; business prostrated; our homes covered with mortgages; labor impoverished; the land concentrating in the hands of the capitalists.� Populist Mary Elizabeth Lease said, �Wall street owns the country.�

*Grand daughter to James Forten, African American Sail maker who helped fund anti abolitionist education, Charlotte Forten educated as many as 200 freedmen�s children, on an island off of South Carolina.

*1880�s, and a drought made everything worse. Open lands made food products too cheap. Was the era of loans with high interest rates. Up to 20% even. A farmer would say, � 1 Bushel of wheat will buy $1.00.� The idea was to cheapen the dollar so that wheat prices will cost more. [A high demand with limited supply will raise wheat costs without raising everything else also, as high interests rates will do] High interest rates were typical, throughout the 1800�s.

* Gold was discovered in California 1849. The 49er�s. Gold was discovered in Colorado 1859. The 59er�s. Silver was discovered in Utah Territory 1859. And then silver was discovered in Nevada. As we know gold rush stories are aplenty.

*Billy the kid, [Atrium alias Bonney] was only 21 years old when he died, [1859-1881]. On his own since age 14 or so, he ended up in the town of Lincoln, NM, working as a ranch hand. When Mr. Tunstall was shot, by Murphy�s gang, {Murphy, the rich man, along with Dolan], the war began. The ghosts are still with everyone in Lincoln county. A sheriff Brady was shot by a group held up in Tunstall�s store; but they don�t know who did it; however, Billy was one of the guys who knows who did; because he was there. Amnesty after the war for everyone but Billy; and he was to be hung the following week in the town of Lincoln, [near today�s Capitan, where famous Smokey Bear�s grave is]. He escaped instead. In so doing he shot 2 deputies, killing them both. Ultimately, he would be found and murdered by the sheriff, -- Pat Garrett, who would have to defend himself for the rest of his life; so he wrote a book filled with lies about Billy the Kid. To this day, sheriff types mistakenly use this story, with all the facts not understood, much less left in, to side with Murphy and Dolan, -- huge criminals. I saw an editorial in a local Ruidoso paper angered over Billy�s biways and hiways: he is a criminal! He was a cattle rustler, who did not shoot a bunch of people. Around 4 people, it is said he killed; all proclaimed in self defense. As it is so, all of us would like to think we would not shoot a friend, Deputy Bell, to escape, in order to save ones own life, -- for a crime [he] may not at all have done, during a war. �.Susan McSwain was the wife of Tunstall�s partner. During a shoot out at the McSwain home, it is said she played the piano as the fight ensued. The army from nearby Fort Stanton burned their home down; Billy and a few others escaped out back; but Mr. McSwain was murdered. Susan became a matriarch sort around these parts, re marrying, and lived to be elderly. She is buried in nearby White Oaks, which is today a ghost town. The town of Lincoln today, is a museum, and the only remaining actual old west town still in existence. [I met sheriff Brady�s relative; and I met a fellow who said his g-grandfather helped Billy after he escaped.] Congress, after this war, and because of, made it more difficult to call out the army. [This story never goes away. And when Governor Richardson, 2010 or so, wanted to pardon Billy, I believe it was, boy did people come up with switched around stories; and Garrett�s gg-grandkids, were present; and Billy�s gg-grandaughter.] (Did I mention that there are stories that Garrett accidentally shot someone else, and Billy lived in Texas until the 1940�s.) Science: history is nothing, unless you stick to the facts only, and do not project extra �facts� that no one can know.

* Jesse James, [1847-1882]. He and his brother Frank led the James Gang, robbing banks and trains. During the Civil War Jesse James was one of the Quantrill Raiders. After the Civil war, it is said, but not reported in encyclopedias, that the railroads were stealing land from regular citizens, including his own family. Just as Billy the Kid, who is officially reported as a thief and killer, and that is all, in the encyclopedia. Actually, at least verbally, the Jesse James story is more known as to why he is famous at all. The lore is, the James Gang were Robin Hood types, giving money back to the people whose land had been stolen by the Railroad companies. This is the lore anyway. �Unlike Billy the Kid, this story is not around where I live; however, for a few years my folks lived in St. Joseph, Mo.; and this is exactly where Jesse James� home was, when he stopped being a thief officially; to such a degree, that part of his life was known to be simply over. His home is a major tourist attraction, today, in St. Joseph, -- a very charming, quaint town.. Inside hid home, is the chair he was standing on, when some guy came in and shot him to death. The chair, in 1983, when I saw it, was actually a small chip of wood, -- all that is left of this chair.

* As we know, the industrial age kept on, new inventions came at a quicker, then even quicker pace. Mass production, neat factory ideas, only came to be more and more. The railroads connected the entire country. Steel was invented/discovered. By latter 1800�s, electric trolleys, electric steamships; Edison had a NY neighborhood hooked up to electricity. Skyscrapers were becoming taller and taller; with their elevators. Telegraph and the telephone, 1876. The typewriter, the camera. Oil was discovered. The automobile.

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