Tamarisk, Preludium, ekklesia, ACNR, Sola, Dolly, Bethany -- Christian Theology Discussion Group

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Date Posted: 21:53:16 02/11/03 Tue
Author: May Belle Lean
Subject: Tamarisk, Preludium, ekklesia, ACNR, Sola, Dolly, Bethany
In reply to: Sola Shimei 's message, "Tamarisk, Preludium, ekklesia, ACNR, Sola, Dolly, Bethany" on 18:44:06 02/11/03 Tue

FDA: What about cosmetics?
FDA Cosmetics web sites: home,puffery, imports
by Judith E. Foulke

"A number of biological products in cosmetics have raised consumer concern:

... Human placenta is the nourishing lining of the womb (uterus), which is expelled after birth. When placental materials were first used as cosmetic ingredients in the 1940s, manufacturers promoted the products as providing beneficial hormonal effects such as stimulating tissue growth and removing wrinkles, even though newborn infants emerge from the womb with wrinkled skin!

The hormone content and the tissue-growth and wrinkle-removing claims classified the placenta-containing products as drugs, and FDA declared them to be ineffective and therefore misbranded.

FDA's challenge caused placenta suppliers to change marketing strategies by claiming that hormones in their placenta ingredients had been extracted and were no longer in the product. They then offered placental raw materials without medical claims--only as a source of protein.

Can you get a disease from placental cosmetic ingredients? Bailey says no. Placenta used in cosmetics is washed and processed many times to destroy any harmful bacteria or viruses. Besides that, says Bailey, the cosmetic matrix (components that bind the ingredients in products) is made from a wide variety of substances, such as alcohol and preservatives, that would present a hostile environment to any viruses or bacteria the placenta might have carried. [These treatments cannot be relied on to diminish prion infectivity if any were present initially. -- webmaster]

Amniotic liquid (from cow or ox) is the fluid that surrounds the developing fetus and protects it from physical injury. It is promoted for benefits similar to those of human placenta and has limited use in moisturizers, hair lotions, scalp treatments, and shampoos.

Collagen (from young cows) is the protein substance found in connective tissue. (Connective tissue binds together and supports organs and other body structures.) A great deal of research has been done on the different types and uses for collagen. In cosmetics, collagen has a moisturizing effect. It is not water soluble, but it holds water. FDA says there is no convincing evidence that collagen can penetrate the skin and have an effect below the surface.

Cerebrosides (from animals or plants) are a type of glycolipid produced naturally in basal epidermal cells--the deepest layer of skin. After cerebrosides are formed, they are secreted to the outside of the cells and serve as a protective coating. As new cells form in lower layers of skin, the older skin cells move closer to surface layers and start to dry out. During this process, the cerebrosides are chemically changed and form ceramides, part of a network of membranes between cells. Skin moisture and suppleness comes from this network.

The raw material for cerebrosides in cosmetics comes from cattle, oxen or swine brain cells or other nervous system tissues. (same as BSE) Alternatively, the raw material may be isolated from plant sources. Industry cosmetic scientists claim that the use of cerebrosides in skin products results in a smoother skin surface and better moisture retention, effects that translate into marketing claims such as luminosity and ever-improving hydration. FDA has not evaluated the studies on which these claims are based. "

Avoiding prohibited ingredients through FDA's Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program:

Although cosmetic manufacturers are not required to register with FDA, companies are encouraged to register their establishments and list their products and ingredients through the agency's Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program (VCRP)....

Imports and FDA
"If the number of FDA-regulated products coming in from foreign shores is any indication, the import business in the United States is flourishing. In the last 20 years, the volume of imported goods the agency regulates has tripled from an estimated half million shipments in 1971 to about one and a half million today."

3001.10.0050: Other Glands And Other Organs, Dried, Whether Or Not Powdered
U.S. Imports for Consumption: December 1998 and 1998 Year-to-Date
(Customs Value, in Thousands of Dollars)
(Units of Quantity: Kilograms)

<--- Dec 1998 ---
Country Quantity
====================
WORLD TOTAL . . . . .26,320
Canada . . . . . . . . . ...17,850
Denmark . . . . . . . . .10,970
Italy . . . . . . . . . . ..... 8,530
Spain . . . . . . . . . .......5,994
Switzerland . . . . . . . ....278
United Kingdom . . . . ......45
...

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Tamarisk, Preludium, ekklesia, ACNR, Sola, Dolly, Bethany -- Miss Llama, 07:32:09 02/12/03 Wed