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Subject: Return of Valentines day Top Story ABC Murder


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16/11/107 46th State==re Friday 16/11/2012 I am the editor its cold==re Tuesday 14/2/2012
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Date Posted: 10:04:58 08/21/13 Wed

OklahomaFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the U.S. state of Oklahoma. For other uses, see Oklahoma (disambiguation).
State of Oklahoma

Flag Seal

Nickname(s): Sooner State
Motto(s): Labor omnia vincit (Latin)

Official language(s) English
Demonym Oklahoman; Okie (colloq.)
Capital
(and largest city) Oklahoma City
Area Ranked 20th in the U.S.
- Total 69,898 sq mi
(181,195 km2)
- Width 230 miles (370 km)
- Length 298 miles (480 km)
- % water 1.8
- Latitude 33°37' N to 37° N
- Longitude 94° 26' W to 103° W
Population Ranked 28th in the U.S.
- Total 3,814,820 (2012 est)[1]
- Density 55.2/sq mi (21.3/km2)
Ranked 35th in the U.S.
Elevation
- Highest point Black Mesa[2][3]
4,975 ft (1516 m)
- Mean 1,300 ft (400 m)
- Lowest point Little River at Arkansas border[2][3]
289 ft (88 m)
Admission to Union November 16, 1907 (46th)
Governor Mary Fallin (R)
Lieutenant Governor Todd Lamb (R)
Legislature Oklahoma Legislature
- Upper house Senate
- Lower house House of Representatives
U.S. Senators Jim Inhofe (R)
Thomas A. Coburn (R)
U.S. House delegation 5 Republicans (list)
Time zones
- all of the state (legally) Central: UTC-6/-5
- Kenton (informally) Mountain: UTC-7/-6
Abbreviations OK, Okla. US-OK
Website www.ok.gov
Oklahoma i/ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə/[4] (Pawnee: Uukuhuúwa,[5] Cayuga: Gahnawiyoˀgeh[6]) is a state located in Southern United States.[7] Oklahoma is the 20th most extensive and the 28th most populous of the 50 United States. The state's name is derived from the Choctaw words okla and humma, meaning "red people",.[8] It is also known informally by its nickname, The Sooner State, honoring the European settlers, and the Indian Appropriations Act of 1889 which opened the door for white settlement in America's Indian Territory. The name was settled upon statehood, Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory were merged and Indian was dropped from the name. On November 16, 1907, Oklahoma became the 46th state to enter the union. Its residents are known as Oklahomans or, informally "Okies", and its capital and largest city is Oklahoma City.

A major producer of natural gas, oil, and agriculture, Oklahoma relies on an economic base of aviation, energy, telecommunications, and biotechnology.[9] It has one of the fastest growing economies in the nation, ranking among the top states in per capita income growth and gross domestic product growth.[10][11] Oklahoma City and Tulsa serve as Oklahoma's primary economic anchors, with nearly two thirds of Oklahomans living within their metropolitan statistical areas.[12]

With small mountain ranges, prairie, mesas, and eastern forests, most of Oklahoma lies in the Great Plains and the U.S. Interior Highlands—a region especially prone to severe weather.[13] In addition to having a prevalence of English, German, Scottish, Irish and Native American ancestry, more than 25 Native American languages are spoken in Oklahoma,[14] second only to California.

Oklahoma is located on a confluence of three major American cultural regions and historically served as a route for cattle drives, a destination for southern settlers, and a government-sanctioned territory for Native Americans.
[> Subject: part 2


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Date Posted: 10:07:31 08/21/13 Wed

Contents [hide]
1 Etymology
2 Geography
2.1 Topography
2.2 Flora and fauna
2.3 Protected lands
2.4 Climate
3 History
3.1 20th century
4 Economy
4.1 Industry
4.2 Energy
4.2.1 Wind generation
4.3 Agriculture
5 Culture
5.1 Arts and theater
5.2 Festivals and events
6 Education
7 Sports
7.1 Current Teams
8 Health
9 Media
10 Transportation
11 Law and government
11.1 State government
11.2 Local government
11.3 National politics
12 Cities and towns
12.1 Major cities
13 Demographics
13.1 Religion
14 State symbols
15 See also
16 Notes
17 References
18 Further reading
19 External links
Etymology[edit source | edit]The name Oklahoma comes from the Choctaw phrase okla humma, literally meaning red people. Choctaw Chief Allen Wright suggested the name in 1866 during treaty negotiations with the federal government regarding the use of Indian Territory, in which he envisioned an all-Indian state controlled by the United States Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Equivalent to the English word Indian, okla humma was a phrase in the Choctaw language used to describe the Native American race as a whole. Oklahoma later became the de facto name for Oklahoma Territory, and it was officially approved in 1890, two years after the area was opened to white settlers.[8][15][16]

Geography[edit source | edit]Main article: Geography of Oklahoma

The state's high plains stretch behind a greeting sign in the Oklahoma Panhandle.Oklahoma is the 20th-largest state in the United States, covering an area of 69,898 square miles (181,035 km2), with 68,667 square miles (177847 km2) of land and 1,281 square miles (3,188 km2) of water.[17] It is one of six states on the Frontier Strip, and lies partly in the Great Plains near the geographical center of the 48 contiguous states. It is bounded on the east by Arkansas and Missouri, on the north by Kansas, on the northwest by Colorado, on the far west by New Mexico, and on the south and near-west by Texas.

The western edge of the Oklahoma panhandle is out of alignment with its Texas border. The Oklahoma/New Mexico border is actually 2.1 to 2.2 miles east of the Texas line. The border between Texas and New Mexico was set first as a result of a survey by Spain in 1819. It was then set along the 103rd Meridian. In the 1890s, when Oklahoma was formally surveyed using more accurate surveying equipment and techniques, it was discovered that the Texas line was not set along the 103rd Meridian. Surveying techniques were not as accurate in 1819, and the actual 103rd Meridian was approximately 2.2 miles to the east. It was much easier to leave the mistake as it was than for Texas to cede land to New Mexico to correct the original surveying error. The placement of the Oklahoma/New Mexico border represents the true 103rd Meridian.

Cimarron County in Oklahoma's panhandle is the only county in the United States which touches four other states: New Mexico, Texas, Colorado and Kansas (about two miles worth).

Topography[edit source | edit]See also: Lakes in Oklahoma
Oklahoma is between the Great Plains and the Ozark Plateau in the Gulf of Mexico watershed,[18] generally sloping from the high plains of its western boundary to the low wetlands of its southeastern boundary.[19][20] Its highest and lowest points follow this trend, with its highest peak, Black Mesa, at 4,973 feet (1,516 m) above sea level, situated near its far northwest corner in the Oklahoma Panhandle. The state's lowest point is on the Little River near its far southeastern boundary near the town of Idabel, OK, which dips to 289 feet (88 m) above sea level.[21]


The lower dam on Medicine Creek in Medicine Park, below Lake Lawtonka, built ca 1901to serve the nearby city of Lawton. Medicine Park was one of the first resort communities established in the Wichita Mountains
A river carves a canyon in the Wichita Mountains.Among the most geographically diverse states, Oklahoma is one of four to harbor more than 10 distinct ecological regions, with 11 in its borders – more per square mile than in any other state.[13] Its western and eastern halves, however, are marked by extreme differences in geographical diversity: Eastern Oklahoma touches eight ecological regions and its western half contains three.[13]


The Ouachita Mountains cover much of southeastern Oklahoma.Oklahoma has four primary mountain ranges: the Ouachita Mountains, the Arbuckle Mountains, the Wichita Mountains, and the Ozark Mountains.[19] Contained within the U.S. Interior Highlands region, the Ozark and Ouachita Mountains mark the only major mountainous region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians.[22] A portion of the Flint Hills stretches into north-central Oklahoma, and near the state's eastern border, Cavanal Hill is regarded by the Oklahoma Tourism & Recreation Department as the world's tallest hill; at 1,999 feet (609 m), it fails their definition of a mountain by one foot.[23]

The semi-arid high plains in the state’s northwestern corner harbor few natural forests; the region has a rolling to flat landscape with intermittent canyons and mesa ranges like the Glass Mountains. Partial plains interrupted by small mountain ranges like the Antelope Hills and the Wichita Mountains dot southwestern Oklahoma, and transitional prairie and woodlands cover the central portion of the state. The Ozark and Ouachita Mountains rise from west to east over the state's eastern third, gradually increasing in elevation in an eastward direction.[20][24]

More than 500 named creeks and rivers make up Oklahoma's waterways, and with 200 lakes created by dams, it holds the highest number of artificial reservoirs in the nation.[23] Most of the state lies in two primary drainage basins belonging to the Red and Arkansas rivers, though the Lee and Little rivers also contain significant drainage basins.[24]

Flora and fauna[edit source | edit]
Populations of American Bison inhabit the state's prairie ecosystems.Forests cover 24 percent of Oklahoma[23] and prairie grasslands composed of shortgrass, mixed-grass, and tallgrass prairie, harbor expansive ecosystems in the state's central and western portions, although cropland has largely replaced native grasses.[25] Where rainfall is sparse in the western regions of the state, shortgrass prairie and shrublands are the most prominent ecosystems, though pinyon pines, red cedar (junipers), and ponderosa pines grow near rivers and creek beds in the far western reaches of the panhandle.[25]

Marshlands, cypress forests and mixtures of shortleaf pine, loblolly pine and deciduous forests dominate the state's southeastern quarter, while mixtures of largely post oak, elm, red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) and pine forests cover northeastern Oklahoma.[24][25][26]

The state holds populations of white-tailed deer, mule deer, antelope, coyotes, mountain lions, bobcats, elk, and birds such as quail, doves, cardinals, bald eagles, red-tailed hawks, and pheasants. In prairie ecosystems, American bison, greater prairie chickens, badgers, and armadillo are common, and some of the nation's largest prairie dog towns inhabit shortgrass prairie in the state's panhandle. The Cross Timbers, a region transitioning from prairie to woodlands in Central Oklahoma, harbors 351 vertebrate species. The Ouachita Mountains are home to black bear, red fox, grey fox, and river otter populations, which coexist with a total of 328 vertebrate species in southeastern Oklahoma. Also, in southeastern Oklahoma lives the American Alligator.[25]

Protected lands[edit source | edit]
Mesas rise above one of Oklahoma's state parks.Oklahoma has 50 state parks,[27] six national parks or protected regions,[28] two national protected forests or grasslands,[29] and a network of wildlife preserves and conservation areas. Six percent of the state's 10 million acres (40,000 km2) of forest is public land,[26] including the western portions of the Ouachita National Forest, the largest and oldest national forest in the Southern United States.[30]

With 39,000 acres (158 km2), the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in north-central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world and is part of an ecosystem that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area, once covering 14 states.[31] In addition, the Black Kettle National Grassland covers 31,300 acres (127 km2) of prairie in southwestern Oklahoma.[32] The Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge is the oldest and largest of nine national wildlife refuges in the state[33] and was founded in 1901, encompassing 59,020 acres (238.8 km2).[34]

Of Oklahoma's federally protected park or recreational sites; the Chickasaw National Recreation Area is the largest, with 9,898.63 acres (18 km2).[35] Other sites include the Santa Fe and Trail of Tears national historic trails, the Fort Smith and Washita Battlefield national historic sites, and the Oklahoma City National Memorial.[28]

Climate[edit source | edit]Oklahoma is located in a temperate region and experiences occasional extremes of temperature and precipitation typical of a continental climate.[36] Most of the state lies in an area known as Tornado Alley characterized by frequent interaction between cold and warm air masses producing severe weather.[21] An average 54 tornadoes strike the state per year—one of the highest rates in the world.[37]

Because of Oklahoma's position between zones of differing prevailing temperature and winds, weather patterns within the state can vary widely between relatively short distances and can change drastically in a short time.[21] As an example, on November 11, 1911, the temperature at Oklahoma City reached 83 °F (28 °C) in the afternoon (the record high for that date), then an incoming squall line resulted in a drop to 17 °F (−8 °C) at midnight (the record low for that date); thus, both the record high and record low for November 11 were set on the same day.[38]


Oklahoma's climate is prime for the generation of thunderstorms.The humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa) of the eastern part of Oklahoma is influenced heavily by southerly winds bringing moisture from the Gulf of Mexico, but transitions progressively to a semi-arid zone (Koppen BSk) in the high plains of the Panhandle and other western areas from about Lawton westward less frequently touched by southern moisture.[36] Precipitation and temperatures fall from east to west accordingly, with areas in the southeast averaging an annual temperature of 62 °F (17 °C) and an annual rainfall of 56 inches (1,420 mm), while areas of the panhandle average 58 °F (14 °C), with an annual rainfall under 17 inches (430 mm).[21]

All of the state frequently experiences temperatures above 100 °F (38 °C) or below 0 °F (−18 °C),[36] and snowfall ranges from an average of less than 4 inches (10 cm) in the south to just over 20 inches (51 cm) on the border of Colorado in the panhandle.[21] The state is home to the Storm Prediction Center, the National Severe Storms Laboratory, and the Warning Decision Training Branch, all part of the National Weather Service and located in Norman.[39] Oklahoma's highest recorded temperature of 120 °F (49 °C) was recorded at Tipton on June 27, 1994 and the lowest recorded temperature of −31 °F (−35 °C) was recorded at Nowata on February 10, 2011.

Monthly temperatures for Oklahoma's largest cities
City Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Oklahoma City 47/26 54/31 62/39 71/48 79/58 87/66 93/71 92/70 84/62 73/51 60/38 50/29
Tulsa 46/26 53/31 62/40 72/50 80/59 88/68 94/73 93/71 84/63 74/51 60/39 50/30
Lawton 50/26 56/31 65/40 73/49 82/59 90/68 96/73 95/71 86/63 76/51 62/39 52/30
Average high/low temperatures in °F[40][41]
History[edit source | edit]Main article: History of Oklahoma

Map of Indian Territory (Oklahoma) 1889. Britannica 9th ed.Evidence exists that native peoples traveled through Oklahoma as early as the last ice age,[42] but the state's first permanent inhabitants settled in communities accentuated with mound-like structures near the Arkansas border between 850 and 1450 AD.[43][44] Spaniard Francisco Vásquez de Coronado traveled through the state in 1541,[45] but French explorers claimed the area in the 1700s[46] and it remained under French rule until 1803, when all the French territory west of the Mississippi River was purchased by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase.[45]

During the 19th century, thousands of Native Americans were expelled from their ancestral homelands from across North America and transported to the area including and surrounding present-day Oklahoma. The Choctaw was the first of the Five Civilized Tribes to be removed from the southeastern United States. The phrase "Trail of Tears" originated from a description of the removal of the Choctaw Nation in 1831, although the term is usually used for the Cherokee removal.[47]

About 17,000 Cherokees – along with approximately 2,000 black slaves owned by Cherokees – were removed from their homes.[48] The area, already occupied by Osage and Quapaw tribes, was called for the Choctaw Nation until revised Native American and then later American policy redefined the boundaries to include other Native Americans. By 1890, more than 30 Native American nations and tribes had been concentrated on land within Indian Territory or "Indian Country."[49]

Many Native Americans served in the Union and Confederate military during the American Civil War. The Cherokee Nation had an internal civil war.[50] Slavery in Oklahoma was not abolished until 1866.[51]

In the period between 1866 and 1899,[45] cattle ranches in Texas strove to meet the demands for food in eastern cities and railroads in Kansas promised to deliver in a timely manner. Cattle trails and cattle ranches developed as cowboys either drove their product north or settled illegally in Indian Territory.[45] In 1881, four of five major cattle trails on the western frontier traveled through Indian Territory.[52]

Increased presence of white settlers in Indian Territory prompted the United States Government to establish the Dawes Act in 1887, which divided the lands of individual tribes into allotments for individual families, encouraging farming and private land ownership among Native Americans but expropriating land to the federal government. In the process, railroad companies took nearly half of Indian-held land within the territory for outside settlers and for purchase.[53]


The Dust Bowl sent thousands of farmers into poverty during the 1930s.Major land runs, including the Land Run of 1889, were held for settlers where certain territories were opened to settlement starting at a precise time. Usually land was open to settlers on a first come first served basis.[54] Those who broke the rules by crossing the border into the territory before the official opening time were said to have been crossing the border sooner, leading to the term sooners, which eventually became the state's official nickname.[55]

Deliberations to make the territory into a state began near the end of the 19th century, when the Curtis Act continued the allotment of Indian tribal land.

20th century[edit source | edit]Attempts to create an all-Indian state named Oklahoma and a later attempt to create an all-Indian state named Sequoyah failed but the Sequoyah Statehood Convention of 1905 eventually laid the groundwork for the Oklahoma Statehood Convention, which took place two years later.[56] On November 16, 1907, Oklahoma was established as the 46th state in the Union.


The bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City was one of the deadliest acts of terrorism in American history.The new state became a focal point for the emerging oil industry, as discoveries of oil pools prompted towns to grow rapidly in population and wealth. Tulsa eventually became known as the "Oil Capital of the World" for most of the 20th century and oil investments fueled much of the state's early economy.[57] In 1927, an Oklahoman businessman Cyrus Avery, known as the "Father of Route 66", began the campaign to create U.S. Route 66. Using a stretch of highway from Amarillo, Texas to Tulsa, Oklahoma to form the original portion of Highway 66, Avery spearheaded the creation of the U.S. Highway 66 Association to oversee the planning of Route 66, based in his hometown of Tulsa.[58]

Oklahoma also has a rich African American history. There were many black towns that thrived in the early 20th century because of black settlers moving from neighboring states, especially Kansas. The politician Edward P. McCabe encouraged black settlers to come to what was then Indian Territory. He discussed with President Theodore Roosevelt the possibility of making Oklahoma a majority-black state.

By the early 20th century, the Greenwood neighborhood of Tulsa was one of the most prosperous African-American communities in the United States.[59] Jim Crow laws had established racial segregation since before the start of the 20th century, but the blacks had created a thriving area.

Social tensions were exacerbated by the revival of the Ku Klux Klan after 1915. The Tulsa Race Riot broke out in 1921, with whites attacking blacks. In one of the costliest episodes of racial violence in American history, sixteen hours of rioting resulted in 35 city blocks destroyed, $1.8 million in property damage, and a death toll estimated to be as high as 300 people.[60] By the late 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan had declined to negligible influence within the state.[61]

During the 1930s, parts of the state began suffering the consequences of poor farming practices, extended drought and high winds. Known as the Dust Bowl, areas of Kansas, Texas, New Mexico and northwestern Oklahoma were hampered by long periods of little rainfall and abnormally high temperatures, sending thousands of farmers into poverty and forcing them to relocate to more fertile areas of the western United States.[62] Over a twenty-year period ending in 1950, the state saw its only historical decline in population, dropping 6.9 percent as impoverished families migrated out of the state after the Dust Bowl.

Soil and water conservation projects markedly changed practices in the state and led to the construction of massive flood control systems and dams; they built hundreds of reservoirs and man-made lakes to supply water for domestic needs and agricultural irrigation. By the 1960s, Oklahoma had created more than 200 lakes, the most in the nation.[13][63]

In 1995, Oklahoma City was the site of the worst act of domestic terrorism in American history. The Oklahoma City bombing of April 19, 1995, in which Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols detonated an explosive outside of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, killed 168 people, including 19 children. The two men were convicted of the bombing: McVeigh was sentenced to death and executed by the federal government on June 11, 2001; his partner Nichols is serving a sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole.[64] McVeigh's army buddy, Michael Fortier, was sentenced to 12 years in federal prison and ordered to pay a $75,000 fine for his role in the bombing plot (i.e. assisting in the sale of guns to raise funds for the bombing, and examining the Murrah Federal building as a possible target prior to the terrorist attack). His wife, Lori Fortier, who has since died, was granted immunity from prosecution in return for her testimony in the case.

Economy[edit source | edit]See also: Oklahoma locations by per capita income

The BOK Tower of Tulsa, Oklahoma's second tallest building, serves as the world headquarters for Williams Companies.Oklahoma is host to a diverse range of sectors including aviation, energy, transportation equipment, food processing, electronics, and telecommunications. Oklahoma is an important producer of natural gas, aircraft, and food.[9] The state ranks second in the nation for production of natural gas,[65] is the 27th-most agriculturally productive state, and also ranks 5th in production of wheat.[66] Four Fortune 500 companies and six Fortune 1000 companies are headquartered in Oklahoma,[67] and it has been rated one of the most business-friendly states in the nation,[68] with the 7th-lowest tax burden in 2007.[69]

In 2010, Oklahoma City-based Love's Travel Stops & Country Stores ranked 18th on the Forbe's list of largest private companies, Tulsa-based QuikTrip ranked 37th, and Oklahoma City-based Hobby Lobby ranked 198th in 2010 report.[70] Oklahoma's gross domestic product grew from $131.9 billion in 2006 to $147.5 billion in 2010, a jump of 10.6 percent.[71] Oklahoma's gross domestic product per capita was $35,480 in 2010, which was ranked 40th among the states.[72]

Though oil has historically dominated the state's economy, a collapse in the energy industry during the 1980s led to the loss of nearly 90,000 energy-related jobs between 1980 and 2000, severely damaging the local economy.[73] Oil accounted for 35 billion dollars in Oklahoma's economy in 2007,[74] and employment in the state's oil industry was outpaced by five other industries in 2007.[75] As of August 2011, the state's unemployment rate is 5.6%.[76]

Industry[edit source | edit]In mid-2011, Oklahoma had a civilian labor force of 1.7 million and total non-farm employment fluctuated around 1.5 million.[75] The government sector provides the most jobs, with 339,300 in 2011, followed by the transportation and utilities sector, providing 279,500 jobs, and the sectors of education, business, and manufacturing, providing 207,800, 177,400, and 132,700 jobs, respectively.[75] Among the state's largest industries, the aerospace sector generates $11 billion annually.[68]

Tulsa is home to the largest airline maintenance base in the world, which serves as the global maintenance and engineering headquarters for American Airlines.[77] In total, aerospace accounts for more than 10 percent of Oklahoma's industrial output, and it is one of the top 10 states in aerospace engine manufacturing.[9] Because of its position in the center of the United States, Oklahoma is also among the top states for logistic centers, and a major contributor to weather-related research.[68]

The state is the top manufacturer of tires in North America and contains one of the fastest-growing biotechnology industries in the nation.[68] In 2005, international exports from Oklahoma's manufacturing industry totaled $4.3 billion, accounting for 3.6 percent of its economic impact.[78] Tire manufacturing, meat processing, oil and gas equipment manufacturing, and air conditioner manufacturing are the state's largest manufacturing industries.[79]

Energy[edit source | edit]
A major oil producing state, Oklahoma is the fifth-largest producer of crude oil in the United States.[74]Oklahoma is the nation's third-largest producer of natural gas, fifth-largest producer of crude oil, and has the second-greatest number of active drilling rigs,[74][80] and ranks fifth in crude oil reserves.[81] While the state ranked eighth for installed wind energy capacity in 2011,[82] it is at the bottom of states in usage of renewable energy, with 94 percent of its electricity being generated by non-renewable sources in 2009, including 25 percent from coal and 46 percent from natural gas.[83] Ranking 13th for total energy consumption per capita in 2009,[84] Oklahoma's energy costs were 8th lowest in the nation.[85]

As a whole, the oil energy industry contributes $35 billion to Oklahoma's gross domestic product, and employees of Oklahoma oil-related companies earn an average of twice the state's typical yearly income.[74] In 2009, the state had 83,700 commercial oil wells churning 65.374 million barrels (10,393,600 m3) of crude oil.[86] Eight and a half percent of the nation's natural gas supply is held in Oklahoma, with 1.673 trillion cubic feet (47.4 km3) being produced in 2009.[86] Ponca City also had contributed to the states uprising oil with the ConocoPhillips refinery still up and running to this day with over 1,000 employees. Making it Oklahoma's largest oil refinery and one of the largest in the country.

According to Forbes Magazine, Oklahoma City-based Devon Energy Corporation, Chesapeake Energy Corporation, and SandRidge Energy Corporation are the largest private oil-related companies in the nation,[87] and all of Oklahoma's Fortune 500 companies are energy-related.[67] Tulsa's ONEOK and Williams Companies are the state's largest and second-largest companies respectively, also ranking as the nation's second and third-largest companies in the field of energy, according to Fortune Magazine.[88] The magazine also placed Devon Energy as the second-largest company in the mining and crude oil-producing industry in the nation, while Chesapeake Energy ranks seventh respectively in that sector and Oklahoma Gas & Electric ranks as the 25th-largest gas and electric utility company.[88]

Wind generation[edit source | edit]Oklahoma Wind Generation (GWh, Million kWh)
Year Total Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
2009 2,698 183 182 233 233 159 175 140 172 152 253 269 308
2010 3,808 252 187 389 400 305 360 265 260 311 299 408 375
2011 5,369 319 446 519 531 510 513 329 335 337 487 574 469
2012 632 555 744 634 726 639 570 453 516

Source:[89][90]

Agriculture[edit source | edit]The 27th-most agriculturally productive state, Oklahoma is fifth in cattle production and fifth in production of wheat.[66][91] Approximately 5.5 percent of American beef comes from Oklahoma, while the state produces 6.1 percent of American wheat, 4.2 percent of American pig products, and 2.2 percent of dairy products.[66]

The state had 83,500 farms in 2005, collectively producing $4.3 billion in animal products and fewer than one billion dollars in crop output with more than $6.1 billion added to the state's gross domestic product.[66] Poultry and swine are its second and third-largest agricultural industries.[91]

Culture[edit source | edit]
Oklahoma's heritage as a pioneer state is depicted with the Pioneer Woman statue in Ponca City.Oklahoma is placed in the South by the United States Census Bureau,[92] but lies fully or partially in the Southwest, and southern cultural regions by varying definitions, and partially in the Upland South and Great Plains by definitions of abstract geographical-cultural regions.[93] Oklahomans have a high rate of English, Scotch-Irish, German, and Native American ancestry,[94] with 25 different native languages spoken.[14]

Because many Native Americans were forced to move to Oklahoma when White settlement in North America increased, Oklahoma has a lot of linguistic diversity. Mary Linn, an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Oklahoma and the associate curator of Native American languages at the Sam Noble Museum, said that Oklahoma also has high levels of language endangerment.[95]

Six governments have claimed the area now known as Oklahoma at different times,[96] and 67 Native American tribes are represented in Oklahoma,[45] including 39 federally recognized tribes, who are headquartered and have tribal jurisdictional areas in the state.[97] Western ranchers, Native American tribes, southern settlers, and eastern oil barons have shaped the state's cultural predisposition, and its largest cities have been named among the most underrated cultural destinations in the United States.[98][99]

While residents of Oklahoma are associated with stereotypical traits of southern hospitality – the Catalogue for Philanthropy ranks Oklahomans 4th in the nation for overall generosity[100] – the state has also been associated with a negative cultural stereotype first popularized by John Steinbeck's novel "The Grapes of Wrath", which described the plight of uneducated, poverty-stricken Dust Bowl-era farmers deemed "Okies".[101][102][103] However, the term is often used in a positive manner by Oklahomans.[102]

Arts and theater[edit source | edit]
Philbrook Museum is one of the top 50 fine art museums in the United States.[104]Further information: List of Native American artists from Oklahoma
In the state's largest urban areas, pockets of jazz culture flourish,[105] and Native American, Mexican American, and Asian American communities produce music and art of their respective cultures.[106] The Oklahoma Mozart Festival in Bartlesville is one of the largest classical music festivals in the southern United States,[107] and Oklahoma City's Festival of the Arts has been named one of the top fine arts festivals in the nation.[105]

The state has a rich history in ballet with five Native American ballerinas attaining worldwide fame. These were Yvonne Chouteau, sisters Marjorie and Maria Tallchief, Rosella Hightower and Moscelyne Larkin, known collectively as the Five Moons. The New York Times rates the Tulsa Ballet as one of the top ballet companies in the United States.[105] The Oklahoma City Ballet and University of Oklahoma's dance program were formed by ballerina Yvonne Chouteau and husband Miguel Terekhov. The University program was founded in 1962 and was the first fully accredited program of its kind in the United States.[108][109][110]

In Sand Springs, an outdoor amphitheater called "Discoveryland!" is the official performance headquarters for the musical Oklahoma![111] Historically, the state has produced musical styles such as The Tulsa Sound and Western Swing, which was popularized at Cain's Ballroom in Tulsa. The building, known as the "Carnegie Hall of Western Swing",[112] served as the performance headquarters of Bob Wills and the Texas Playboys during the 1930s.[113] Stillwater is known as the epicenter of Red Dirt music, the best-known proponent of which is the late Bob Childers.

Prominent theatre companies in Oklahoma include, in the capital city, Oklahoma City Theatre Company, Carpenter Square Theatre, Oklahoma Shakespeare in the Park, and CityRep. CityRep is a professional company affording equity points to those performers and technical theatre professionals. In Tulsa, Oklahoma's oldest resident professional company is American Theatre Company, and Theatre Tulsa is the oldest community theatre company west of the Mississippi. Other companies in Tulsa include Heller Theatre and Tulsa Spotlight Theater. The cities of Norman, Lawton, and Stillwater, among others, also host well-reviewed community theatre companies.

Oklahoma is in the nation's middle percentile in per capita spending on the arts, ranking 17th, and contains more than 300 museums.[105] The Philbrook Museum of Tulsa is considered one of the top 50 fine art museums in the United States,[104] and the Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History in Norman, one of the largest university-based art and history museums in the country, documents the natural history of the region.[105] The collections of Thomas Gilcrease are housed in the Gilcrease Museum of Tulsa, which also holds the world's largest, most comprehensive collection of art and artifacts of the American West.[114]

The Egyptian art collection at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in Shawnee is considered to be the finest Egyptian collection between Chicago, IL and Los Angeles, CA.[115] The Oklahoma City Museum of Art contains the most comprehensive collection of glass sculptures by artist Dale Chihuly in the world,[116] and Oklahoma City's National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum documents the heritage of the American Western frontier.[105] With remnants of the Holocaust and artifacts relevant to Judaism, the Sherwin Miller Museum of Jewish Art of Tulsa preserves the largest collection of Jewish art in the Southwest United States.[117]
[> [> Subject: Re: part 3


Author:
Okie
[ Edit | View ]

Date Posted: 10:08:39 08/21/13 Wed

Festivals and events[edit source | edit]
Native American cultural events like Oklahoma City's Red Earth national pow wow in are common in the state.Oklahoma's centennial celebration was named the top event in the United States for 2007 by the American Bus Association,[118] and consisted of multiple celebrations saving with the 100th anniversary of statehood on November 16, 2007. Annual ethnic festivals and events take place throughout the state such as Native American powwows and ceremonial events, and include festivals (as examples) in Scottish, Irish, German, Italian, Vietnamese, Chinese, Czech, Jewish, Arab, Mexican and African-American communities depicting cultural heritage or traditions.

During a 10-day run in Oklahoma City, the State Fair of Oklahoma attracts roughly one million people [119] along with the annual Festival of the Arts. Large national pow-wows, various Latin and Asian heritage festivals, and cultural festivals such as the Juneteenth celebrations are held in Oklahoma City each year. The Tulsa State Fair attracts over one million people during its 10-day run,[120] and the city's Mayfest festival entertained more than 375,000 people in four days during 2007.[121] In 2006, Tulsa's Oktoberfest was named one of the top 10 in the world by USA Today and one of the top German food festivals in the nation by Bon Appetit magazine.[122]

Norman plays host to the Norman Music Festival, a festival that highlights native Oklahoma bands and musicians. Norman is also host to the Medieval Fair of Norman, which has been held annually since 1976 and was Oklahoma’s first medieval fair. The Fair was held first on the south oval of the University of Oklahoma campus and in the third year moved to the Duck Pond in Norman until the Fair became too big and moved to Reaves Park in 2003. The Medieval Fair of Norman is Oklahoma’s "largest weekend event and the third largest event in Oklahoma, and was selected by Events Media Network as one of the top 100 events in the nation."[123]

Education[edit source | edit]See also: List of school districts in Oklahoma and List of colleges and universities in Oklahoma

Oklahoma's system of public regional universities includes Northeastern State University in Tahlequah.With an educational system made up of public school districts and independent private institutions, Oklahoma had 638,817 students enrolled in 1,845 public primary, secondary, and vocational schools in 533 school districts as of 2008.[124] Oklahoma has the highest enrollment of Native American students in the nation with 126,078 students in the 2009-10 school year.[125] Ranked near the bottom of states in expenditures per student, Oklahoma spent $7,755 for each student in 2008, 47th in the nation,[124] though its growth of total education expenditures between 1992 and 2002 ranked 22nd.[126]

The state is among the best in pre-kindergarten education, and the National Institute for Early Education Research rated it first in the United States with regard to standards, quality, and access to pre-kindergarten education in 2004, calling it a model for early childhood schooling.[127] High school dropout rate decreased from 3.1 to 2.5 percent between 2007 and 2008 with Oklahoma ranked among 18 other states with 3 percent or less dropout rate.[128] In 2004, the state ranked 36th in the nation for the relative number of adults with high school diplomas, though at 85.2 percent, it had the highest rate among southern states.[129][130]

The University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma State University, and University of Central Oklahoma are the largest public institutions of higher education in Oklahoma, operating through one primary campus and satellite campuses throughout the state. The two state universities, along with Oklahoma City University and the University of Tulsa, rank among the country's best in undergraduate business programs,[131]

Oklahoma City University School of Law, University of Oklahoma College of Law, and University of Tulsa College of Law are the state's only ABA accredited institutions. Both University of Oklahoma and University of Tulsa are Tier 1 institutions, with the University of Oklahoma ranked 68th and the University of Tulsa ranked 86th in the nation.[132]

Oklahoma holds eleven public regional universities,[133] including Northeastern State University, the second-oldest institution of higher education west of the Mississippi River,[134] also containing the only College of Optometry in Oklahoma[135] and the largest enrollment of Native American students in the nation by percentage and amount.[134][136] Langston University is Oklahoma's only historically black college. Six of the state's universities were placed in the Princeton Review's list of best 122 regional colleges in 2007,[137] and three made the list of top colleges for best value. The state has 55 post-secondary technical institutions operated by Oklahoma's CareerTech program for training in specific fields of industry or trade.[124]

In the 2007–2008 school year, there were 181,973 undergraduate students, 20,014 graduate students, and 4,395 first-professional degree students enrolled in Oklahoma colleges. Of these students, 18,892 received a bachelor's degree, 5,386 received a masters degree, and 462 received a first professional degree. This means the state of Oklahoma produces an average of 38,278 degree-holders per completions component (i.e. July 1, 2007 – June 30, 2008). National average is 68,322 total degrees awarded per completions component.[138]

Sports[edit source | edit]Oklahoma supports popular sports, with teams in basketball, football, arena football, baseball, soccer, hockey, and wrestling located in Oklahoma City, Tulsa, Enid, Norman, and Lawton. The Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association and the Tulsa Shock of the Women's National Basketball Association are the state's only major league sports franchises, but minor league sports, including minor league baseball at the AAA and AA levels Oklahoma City RedHawks and Tulsa Drillers, respectively, hockey with the Oklahoma City Barons in the AHL and Tulsa Oilers in the CHL, and arena football in the Arena Football League was hosted by the Tulsa Talons until 2012, when the team was moved to San Antonio. The Oklahoma Defenders replaced the Talons as Tulsa only professional arena football team, playing the CPIFL. Tulsa is the base for the Tulsa 66ers of the NBA Development League and the Tulsa Revolution, which plays in the American Indoor Soccer League.[139] Enid and Lawton host professional basketball teams in the USBL and the CBA.

The NBA's New Orleans Hornets became the first major league sports franchise based in Oklahoma when the team was forced to relocate to Oklahoma City's Ford Center for two seasons following Hurricane Katrina in 2005.[140] In July 2008, the Seattle SuperSonics, owned by a group of Oklahoma City businessmen led by Clayton Bennett, relocated to Oklahoma City and announced that play would begin at Ford Center as the Oklahoma City Thunder in 2008, becoming the state's first permanent major league franchise.[141]

Collegiate athletics are a popular draw in the state. The University of Oklahoma Sooners and the Oklahoma State University Cowboys average well over 50,000 fans attending their football games, and the University of Oklahoma's football program ranked 12th in attendance among American colleges in 2010, with an average of 84,738 people attending its home games.[142] The two universities meet several times each year in rivalry matches known as the Bedlam Series, which are some of the greatest sporting draws to the state. Sports Illustrated magazine rates the University of Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University among the top colleges for athletics in the nation.[143][144] In addition, 12 of the state's smaller colleges or universities participate in the NAIA, mostly within the Sooner Athletic Conference.[145]

Regular LPGA tournaments are held at Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa, and major championships for the PGA or LPGA have been played at Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa, Oak Tree Country Club in Oklahoma City, and Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa.[146] Rated one of the top golf courses in the nation, Southern Hills has hosted four PGA Championships, including one in 2007, and three U.S. Opens, the most recent in 2001.[147] Rodeos are popular throughout the state, and Guymon, in the state's panhandle, hosts one of the largest in the nation.[148]

Current Teams[edit source | edit]Club Sport League Venue
Oklahoma City Thunder Basketball National Basketball Association Chesapeake Energy Arena
Tulsa Shock Basketball WNBA BOK Center
Tulsa 66ers Basketball NBADL SpiritBank Event Center
Oklahoma City RedHawks Baseball Pacific Coast League Chickasaw Bricktown Ballpark
Tulsa Drillers Baseball Texas League (AA - affiliated with the Colorado Rockies) ONEOK Field
Oklahoma City Barons Ice hockey American Hockey League Cox Convention Center
Tulsa Oilers Ice Hockey CHL BOK Center
Oklahoma Defenders Arena Football CPIFL Tulsa Convention Center
Oklahoma City NASL Men's Soccer North American Soccer League Taft Stadium, Soccer Specific Stadium to be built
Oklahoma City USL-PRO Men's Soccer USL PRO Soccer Specific Stadium to be built
Oklahoma City Football Club Men's Soccer USL Premier Development League Stars Field
Tulsa Athletics Soccer NPSL Drillers Stadium
Tulsa Revolution Indoor Soccer PASL Tulsa Convention Center
Oklahoma Victory Dolls Flat Track Roller Derby Women's Flat Track Derby Association State Fair Centennial Building
Oklahoma City Roller Derby Flat Track Roller Derby Women's Flat Track Derby Association Cox Convention Center
Oklahoma Thunder American Football Gridiron Development Football League LaFortune Stadium
Health[edit source | edit]
INTEGRIS Cancer Institute of Oklahoma, in Oklahoma City
The southwest regional facility for the Cancer Treatment Centers of America is located in Tulsa.The state was the 21st-largest recipient of medical funding from the federal government in 2005, with health-related federal expenditures in the state totaling $75,801,364; immunizations, bioterrorism preparedness, and health education were the top three most funded medical items.[149] Instances of major diseases are near the national average in Oklahoma, and the state ranks at or slightly above the rest of the country in percentage of people with asthma, diabetes, cancer, and hypertension.[149]

In 2000, Oklahoma ranked 45th in physicians per capita and slightly below the national average in nurses per capita, but was slightly over the national average in hospital beds per 100,000 people and above the national average in net growth of health services over a 12-year period.[150] One of the worst states for percentage of insured people, nearly 25 percent of Oklahomans between the age of 18 and 64 did not have health insurance in 2005, the fifth-highest rate in the nation.[151]

Oklahomans are in the upper half of Americans in terms of obesity prevalence, and the state is the 5th most obese in the nation, with 30.3 percent of its population at or near obesity.[152] Oklahoma ranked last among the 50 states in a 2007 study by the Commonwealth Fund on health care performance.[153]

INTEGRIS Cancer Institute of Oklahoma, along with Proton Therapy Center, is the 6th comprehensive cancer treatment centers in the country currently providing both conventional radiation therapy and proton therapy.[154] The OU Medical Center, Oklahoma's largest collection of hospitals is the only hospital in the state designated a Level I trauma center by the American College of Surgeons. OU Medical Center is located on the grounds of the Oklahoma Health Center in Oklahoma City, the state's largest concentration of medical research facilities.[155][156]

The Regional Medical Center of the Cancer Treatment Centers of America in Tulsa is one of four such regional facilities nationwide, offering cancer treatment to the entire southwestern United States, and is one of the largest cancer treatment hospitals in the country.[157] The largest osteopathic teaching facility in the nation, Oklahoma State University Medical Center at Tulsa, also rates as one of the largest facilities in the field of neuroscience.[158][159]

Media[edit source | edit]Main articles: List of radio stations in Oklahoma and List of television stations in Oklahoma

The second largest newspaper in Oklahoma, the Tulsa World has a circulation of 189,789.[160]Oklahoma City and Tulsa are the 45th and 61st-largest media markets in the United States as ranked by Nielsen Media Research. The state's third-largest media market, Lawton-Wichita Falls, Texas, is ranked 149th nationally by the agency.[161] Broadcast television in Oklahoma began in 1949 when KFOR-TV (then WKY-TV) in Oklahoma City and KOTV-TV in Tulsa began broadcasting a few months apart.[162] Currently, all major American broadcast networks have affiliated television stations in the state.[163]

The state has two primary newspapers. The Oklahoman, based in Oklahoma City, is the largest newspaper in the state and 54th-largest in the nation by circulation, with a weekday readership of 138,493 and a Sunday readership of 202,690. The Tulsa World, the second most widely circulated newspaper in Oklahoma and 79th in the nation, holds a Sunday circulation of 132,969 and a weekday readership of 93,558.[160] Oklahoma's first newspaper was established in 1844, called the Cherokee Advocate, and was written in both Cherokee and English.[164] In 2006, there were more than 220 newspapers located in the state, including 177 with weekly publications and 48 with daily publications.[164]
Subject: Wednesday 21, August 2013==Sex day Nicknames


Author:
Australian Stock Market Report
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Date Posted: 09:55:40 08/21/13 Wed

Australian Stock Market Report

Wednesday 21, August 2013


Summary Close Movement % Change
All Ordinaries 5068.80 -33.50 -0.70
All Industrials 5078.20 -34.30 -0.70
50 Leaders 5235.90 -37.70 -0.70


Market Turnover
$A 5,062,002,813.00

Commentary

For detailed video updates:
http://www.youtube.com/user/CommSecTV

Follow us on Twitter for breaking news:
www.twitter.com

MORNING REPORT
(6.15am AEST)

In US economic data, weekly chain store sales rose by 3.4pct in the latest week compared with a year ago, down from 3.7pct in the previous week.

European shares fell again on Tuesday, hitting three-week lows as investors continued to fret that the US Federal Reserve may start winding back stimulus from next month. The FTSEurofirst 300 index fell by 0.8pct with the German Dax down by 0.8pct and the UK FTSE lost 0.2ct. Mining shares were weaker with Rio Tinto down by 0.2pct in London trade while BHP Billiton lost 1.7pct.

US sharemarkets ended mixed on Tuesday and well off the highs set earlier in the session. Retail stocks lifted after publishing earnings results. Shares in Best But rose by 13.2pct while JC Penney lifted 6pct. But shares in Home Depot lost 1.2pct. After being up 64 points at one stage, the Dow Jones fell by 7.8pts or 0.1pct - the fifth straight daily decline. But the S&P 500 lifted by 0.4pct and the Nasdaq gained 24.5pts or 0.7pct.

US long-term treasuries rose on Tuesday (yields lower) as bargain hunters moved in after three days of sharp losses. US bonds were also in demand as investors retreated from emerging markets on fears that the Federal Reserve will taper its stimulus program beginning in September. The Federal Reserve also bought $942 million in debt due from 2024 to 2031 on Tuesday as part of its ongoing purchase program. US 2yr yields fell by 2pts to 0.343pct and US 10yr yields fell by 6pts to 2.816pct.

The US dollar fell against major currencies in European and US trade on Tuesday. The Euro lifted from lows near US$1.3325 to US$1.3450 and ended US trade near US$1.3420. The Aussie dollar rose from lows near US90.25c to near US90.95c before ending US trade near US90.75c. And the Japanese yen held between 96.91 yen per US dollar and JPY97.44, before ending US trade near JPY97.20.

World oil prices were mixed on Tuesday. The Brent price rose as traders responded to civil unrest in both Egypt and Libya. But US Nymex fell as traders closed out positions ahead of contract expiry. But Reuters also cited ´´a report of a shutdown of the Seaway pipeline, which carries crude oil from Cushing, Oklahoma, the delivery point for the futures´ benchmark West Texas Intermediate crude, to refineries on the Gulf Coast. Brent crude rose by US25c or 0.2pct to US$110.15 a barrel while US Nymex crude lost US$2.14 or 2.0pct to US$104.96 a barrel.

Base metal prices were mixed on Tuesday but gains and losses didn´t exceed 0.8pct. Tin was up 0.8pct but lead and nickel lost 0.3pct. Gold rose on Tuesday as the US dollar softened with the Comex December futures price up by US$6.90 an ounce or 0.5pct to US$1,372.60 per ounce. The iron ore price fell by US20c or 0.1pct to US$139.00 a tonne.

Ahead: In Australia, no major economic data is released. In the US, existing home sales data is released and minutes are released from the last Federal Reserve meeting.

Craig James
CommSec Chief Economist


This commentary is a general account of the day's trading and is not intended to be taken as a recommendation to buy, hold or sell any particular stock.
Subject: U.S. Stocks Mostly Rise, Snapping Four-Day Losing Streak; Dow Lags Behind


Author:
US Tuesday 20/8/2013==Room Inspection
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Date Posted: 09:53:12 08/21/13 Wed

U.S. Stocks Mostly Rise, Snapping Four-Day Losing Streak; Dow Lags Behind
21/08/2013 6:42AM

--U.S. stocks mostly rise, reversing four-day slide for Dow average

--Retailers' shares advance on earnings

--Investors await Fed meeting minutes Wednesday


By Matt Jarzemsky

The S&P 500 rose Tuesday, snapping a four-day streak of declines, as a handful of retailers reported better-than-expected earnings and investors waited to hear more on the future of the Federal Reserve's easy monetary policy.

The S&P 500 added 6.29 points, or 0.4%, to 1652.35, reversing course after a 2.6% slide over the previous four days.

The Nasdaq Composite Index gained 24.50 points, or 0.7%, to 3613.59. The Dow Jones Industrial Average lagged behind, declining 7.75 points, or 0.1%, to 15002.99.

Best Buy (BBY) rose 8.2% after recording profit growth that topped analysts' forecasts.

Home Depot (HD) reported better-than-expected quarterly results and raised its full-year earnings and revenue forecast, citing an improving housing market. But the home-improvement retailer's shares slipped 1.2%. In the past year, Home Depot shares are up 31%, nearly double the advance of the S&P 500.

Stocks' gains reflect a calming of investors' jitters over a sharp increase in interest rates the past few weeks, said Mark Freeman, chief investment officer at Westwood Holdings Group Inc., which manages $15.8 billion in Dallas. Tuesday, the yield on the benchmark 10-year Treasury note fell to 2.816%.

"The level of fear has subsided, at least temporarily," Mr. Freeman said. "So far, the equity market has been able to live with where rates have risen."

Uncertainty still surrounds the Fed's plans to scale back stimulus efforts by reducing bond-purchasing programs, as early as September. The Fed is due to release the minutes of its latest policy-setting committee's meeting Wednesday. Later in the week, the Fed is set to host its annual meeting of global central bankers in Jackson Hole, Wyo.

Stock-trading volume was light Tuesday, but investors were "squaring positions and don't want to be too far offsides ahead of the Fed minutes and Jackson Hole," said Jonah Cave, head of Americas client trading and execution at UBS AG. About 5.3 billion shares changed hands in the U.S. during the session, according to FactSet, 15% below the daily average this year.

Worries about reduced Fed stimulus and the extended weakness in U.S. shares weighed heavily on overseas markets. European markets were broadly lower, with the Stoxx Europe 600 falling 0.8%.

Asian markets were also hit hard. Japan's Nikkei Stock Average slumped 2.6% to a nearly two-month low, while China's Shanghai Composite lost 0.6%.

September crude-oil futures lost 2% to settle at $104.96 a barrel, while August gold futures added 0.5% to settle at $1,373.10 an ounce. The dollar eased against both the euro and the yen.

J.C. Penney (JCP) climbed 6%. The department-store operator reported a wider-than-forecast fiscal second-quarter loss, but signs of improvement in same-store sales trends helped prop the shares up.

TJX Cos. (TJX), the operator of T.J. Maxx and Marshall's discount stores, advanced 6.9% after raising its profit and same-store sales forecasts for the year.


Write to Matt Jarzemsky at matthew.jarzemsky@dowjones.com


(END) Dow Jones Newswires

August 20, 2013 16:42 ET (20:42 GMT)

Copyright (c) 2013 Dow Jones & Company, Inc.
Subject: Sunday 27/10/2013 Make Me Smile issue 439 Friday 16/8 to Thursday 29/8/2013


Author:
==John Cleese==Wednesday 6/3/2013 computers London 1986 (photo)
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Date Posted: 09:33:56 08/21/13 Wed

Subject: Joanna Lumley==1 May 1946 Wednesday 1/5/2013


Author:
Sunday 1/9/2013 fathers day Spring
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Date Posted: 09:17:50 08/21/13 Wed

Joanna Lumley
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Joanna Lumley


Lumley in 2009
Born Joanna Lamond Lumley
(1946-05-01) 1 May 1946 (age 67)
Srinagar, Kashmir and Jammu, British India
Nationality English
Citizenship British
Occupation Actress
Years active 1957–present
Television Coronation Street
The New Avengers
Sapphire & Steel
Absolutely Fabulous

Spouse(s) Jeremy Lloyd (m. 1970-1970, divorced)
Stephen Barlow (m. 1986–present)

Partner(s) Michael Claydon (1960s)
Children Jamie Lumley
Parents James Rutherford-Lumley
Beatrice (née Weir)

Joanna Lamond Lumley, OBE, FRGS (born 1 May 1946) is an English[1] actress, comedienne, voice-over artist, former model and author, who starred in the British television series Absolutely Fabulous as Edina Monsoon's best friend, Patsy Stone, as well as in The New Avengers, Sapphire & Steel, Jam & Jerusalem and Sensitive Skin. In film she has appeared in On Her Majesty's Secret Service (1969), Trail of the Pink Panther (1982) and James and the Giant Peach (1996).

She later appeared in Maybe Baby (2000), Ella Enchanted (2004) and Corpse Bride (2005). She appears alongside Leonardo DiCaprio in the upcoming Martin Scorsese crime drama, The Wolf of Wall Street (2013). She has also appeared in several stage roles and in 2011 was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for her performance in La Bête.

She has spoken out as a human rights activist for Survival International and the Gurkha Justice Campaign and is now considered a "national treasure" of Nepal because of her support. She is an advocate for a number of charities and animal welfare groups such as Compassion in World Farming and Vegetarians' International Voice for Animals. She also won the Special Recognition Award at The National Television Awards in 2013.

As of July 2012[update], she is planning, in collaboration with the designer Thomas Heatherwick a pedestrian bridge across the Thames in London, 'Garden Bridge'.[2] This is planned to feature trees and gardens.[2][3]

Contents [hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Major roles
3 Media work
4 Activism
4.1 Gurkha Justice Campaign
4.2 Work for Survival International
4.3 Patron of Tree Aid
4.4 Patron of PENHA
4.5 Patron of Peter Pan Moat Brae Trust
4.6 Patron of Trust in Children
4.7 Influence
5 Personal life
6 Film and TV credits
7 Theatre
8 Books
8.1 As author
8.2 As subject
9 References
10 External links
Early life[edit source | edit]Joanna Lamond Lumley[4] was born on 1 May 1946 in Srinagar, in the princely state of Kashmir and Jammu, which was then part of British India. Her parents were Major James Rutherford-Lumley, who served in the 6th Gurkha Rifles, a regiment of the British Indian Army,[5] and Beatrice Rose Weir. They married in 1941.

After the independence of India in 1947, the Lumleys moved to Kent, England.[4] The family also spent time in Malaya[6] (now Malaysia).[4] Lumley was educated at St Mary's Convent School in St Leonards-on-Sea, Sussex, England,[7] and afterwards attended the Lucie Clayton Finishing School,[8] after being turned down by the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art at the age of 16.[9]

Career[edit source | edit]Lumley spent three years as a photographic model, notably for Brian Duffy by whom she was photographed with her son. She also worked as a house model for Jean Muir. Over forty years later, she participated in another photoshoot – again with her son – for Duffy as part of a retrospective of the photographer's work.[10]

Lumley appeared in an early episode of the Bruce Forsyth Show in 1966. She appeared in a British television advertisement for Nimble bread first screened in 1969.[11] Lumley did not receive any formal training at drama school. Her acting career began in 1969 with a small role in the film Some Girls Do and as a Bond girl in On Her Majesty's Secret Service; she played the English girl among Blofeld's 'Angels of Death' and had two lines. She went on to have a brief but memorable role in Coronation Street, in which her character turned down Ken Barlow's offer of marriage. She appeared as "Jessica" on the big screen in The Satanic Rites of Dracula, released in the UK on 13 January 1974, which was the last of Hammer Film's Dracula series starring Peter Cushing and Christopher Lee.

She has worked with Tim Burton on two film projects, in James and the Giant Peach (1996) and Corpse Bride (2005). She has also appeared alongside Hugh Laurie in the British romantic comedy Maybe Baby (2000) and alongside Anne Hathaway in Ella Enchanted (2004).

She has appeared twice in Agatha Christie's Marple, in the episodes; 'The Body in the Library' (2004) & 'The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side' (2009). In 2010 she appeared in a 4-episode guest arc on the BBC drama, Mistresses as Vivienne Roden.

In 2012 she was cast in the Martin Scorsese crime drama, The Wolf of Wall Street.[12]

Major roles[edit source | edit]Throughout her career, she has specialised in playing upper class parts, and her distinctive voice has reinforced this. Lumley's first major role was as Purdey in The New Avengers, a revival of the secret agent series The Avengers. Although critical reaction to the series was lukewarm, the casting of Lumley was seen as inspired and following the tradition of iconic Avengers actresses Honor Blackman, Diana Rigg and Linda Thorson.[citation needed]

In 1979 she appeared in another series which acquired a following: Sapphire & Steel, with David McCallum. Conceived as ITV's answer to Doctor Who, Lumley played a mysterious elemental being ("Sapphire") who, with her collaborator, "Steel", dealt with breaches in the fabric of time.

Over a decade later Lumley's career was boosted by her portrayal of the louche, solipsistic and frequently drunken fashion director Patsy Stone, companion to Jennifer Saunders' Edina Monsoon in the BBC comedy television series Absolutely Fabulous (1992–1996), (2001–2004), and (2011–2012).

Other work has included: Lovejoy as widow Victoria Cavero, In the Kingdom of the Thunder Dragon (1996), a film about a journey made by her grandparents in Bhutan, and A Rather English Marriage (nominated for a BAFTA for Best Actress 1999) and Dr Willoughby (1999). In 1995, she provided the voice of Annie the rag doll in the animated series The Forgotten Toys. In 1999, she also provided the voice for Sims the chicken in the BAFTA award winning animated series The Foxbusters. In 2000, she co-produced a new drama series The Cazalets. She has also appeared in a TV series on Sarawak, where she spent time in her childhood. She has demonstrated her ability to go beyond stereotypical images, most notably in the monologue series of playlets Up In Town (2002), written by Hugo Blick, and focusing on a society hostess's realisation that her star is fading.[13][14]

Lumley starred as the elderly Delilah Stagg in the 2006 sitcom Jam & Jerusalem with Dawn French, Jennifer Saunders and Sue Johnston. In July 2007, she starred in the second series of the drama Sensitive Skin where she played the main character Davina Jackson. The BBC said this will be the final series of the dark comedy.[15]

She starred in David Hirson's La Bête – Comedy Theatre, London, 26 June – 28 August 2010 with David Hyde Pierce and Mark Rylance, directed by Matthew Warchus. She also starred in La Bête at the Music Box Theatre, Broadway, New York which opened on 14 October 2010.[16] She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play, for her performance.

Media work[edit source | edit]As the possessor of one of the most recognised voices in the United Kingdom,[17] Lumley has gained prominence as a voice-over artist. Users of AOL in the United Kingdom are familiar with Joanna Lumley's voice. She recorded the greetings "Welcome to AOL" and "You've got post" for that company.[18] She also did a voice over for the BBC series Posh Nosh as a voice-over usually saying "From the Posh Nosh range (a faux product)."

She appeared as a guest host on Channel 4's The Friday Night Project, which aired on 3 August 2007.

From 2005 to 2006 she appeared in adverts for insurance brokers Privilege.[19][20]

Lumley has also appeared on the last run of ITV1's Parkinson as a guest, on 27 October 2007, discussing the subject of young girls across the UK and how they need to behave better if they hope to be successful. She was asked to write the introduction to a re-edition in November 2007 of the book called The Magic Key To Charm written by the pioneering female journalist Eileen Ascroft.[21] This is a book of tips to women, first written by Ascroft in 1938 about how to be glamorous. "I thought it was absolutely enchanting, it's how young women were told how to behave in the old days and I think it might be just coming back for a bit of a revival," she explained in the interview.

"Because, I have to say I adore our young ones and I think we have got some of the prettiest and loveliest girls in the world but I think sometimes the behaviour gets a bit bad and I think the girls let themselves down. They are so pretty and so lovely but they should behave better, I think, then they will be more successful."

In 1999 she appeared in the Comic Relief Doctor Who parody The Curse of Fatal Death as the final incarnation of the Doctor.[22] She also appeared with Jennifer Saunders, Dawn French and Sienna Miller in the French and Saunders pastiche of Mamma Mia for Comic Relief 2009 in which she played the role of Tanya (named Patsy in the spoof).[23]

In 2004 Lumley appeared as the "Woman with the Sydney Opera House Head" in Dirk Maggs's long-awaited radio adaptation of the third book of the Douglas Adams series The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.[24]

In 2005 she published her autobiography, No Room for Secrets, which was serialised by The Times,[25] for which she was once a regular contributor.

In September and December 2008 and April 2009, the BBC aired Joanna Lumley in the Land of the Northern Lights, a documentary about her search to see the Northern Lights in northern Norway.[26]

In May 2009 she supported the Green Party during the 2009 European Elections campaign. For Lumley, the work of Green MEPs in the European Parliament in pursuing human rights and animal rights made the Green Party "the obvious choice" and urged UK voters "to cast a positive vote for a better future by voting Green in the European Elections."[27] Lumley also appeared in literature to support changing the British electoral system from first-past-the-post to alternative vote for electing Members of Parliament to the House of Commons in the Alternative Vote referendum in 2011.[28]

In 2009 she portrayed a rock star, believed to be dead for 35 years, but more predominantly, her twin, in the "Counter Culture Blues" episode of the British television mystery series Lewis (known in the U.S. as Inspector Lewis).[29]

In 2010 she donated £1,000 to Caroline Lucas's campaign to become the first Green MP during the 2010 General Election campaign.[30]

In 2011, Lumley appeared in "Uptown Downstairs Abbey", the Comic Relief parody of the critically acclaimed historical television dramas Downton Abbey and Upstairs Downstairs. Playing herself and the character of Mrs. Danvers, she starred alongside Jennifer Saunders, Kim Cattrall, Victoria Wood, Harry Enfield, Patrick Barlow, Dale Winton, Olivia Colman, Tim Vine, Simon Callow, Michael Gambon and Harry Hill.

In recent years, Lumley has worked extensively with ITV, and in 2010 Lumley was executive producer and presenter of Joanna Lumley's Nile, where she journeys up the River Nile from sea to source in Ethiopia, for ITV.[31] This was broadcast in four parts on ITV1 beginning on 12 April 2010, and repeated in June 2013.

Lumley travelled again for ITV in 2011, this time visiting Greece for a four-part series titled Joanna Lumley’s Greek Odyssey. The series aired on ITV1 beginning on 13 October.[32] Once again, in 2012, Lumley travelled for ITV, now in search of Noah's Ark. The trip, that encompassed 3 continents and also involved dangerously venturing into Iran, will air in late-2012 as a single 90-minute documentary titled Joanna Lumley’s Ark.[33][34]

Activism[edit source | edit]As an activist, Lumley is best known for her support for Gurkhas, the exiled Tibetan people and government, the Kondha indigenous people of India and the Prospect Burma charity, which offers grants to Burmese students, for whom she broadcast a BBC Radio 4 charity appeal in 2001.[35] Her father was a decorated Gurkha officer who fought in World War II.

Gurkha Justice Campaign[edit source | edit]
Lumley with David Cameron, Bob Russell and the Liberal Democrat leader, Nick Clegg, celebrating the Gurkha vote against the governmentMain article: Gurkha Justice Campaign
In 2008 she became the public face of a campaign to provide all Gurkha veterans who served in the British Army before 1997 the right to settle in Britain. Those serving after 1997 had already been granted permission, but the UK Government has not extended the offer to all of the Gurkhas, who are natives of Nepal. They have served Britain for more than 200 years with over 50,000 dying in service, and 13 have been awarded the Victoria Cross. On 20 November 2008, Lumley led a large all-party group including Gurkhas starting from Parliament Square to 10 Downing Street with a petition signed by 250,000 people. She supports the Gurkha Justice Campaign.[36] On 24 April 2009, she stated that she was "ashamed" of the UK administration's decision to affix five criteria to the Gurkhas' right to settle in the UK. With the support of both Opposition parties and Labour rebel MPs on 29 April 2009, a Liberal Democrat motion that all Gurkhas be offered an equal right of residence was passed, allowing Gurkhas who served before 1997 residence in the UK.[37][38][39] Following the Government defeat, the Minister for Immigration Phil Woolas announced that a further review would be completed by the middle of July.

On 5 May, Lumley said that she had received private assurances of support from a senior member of the Royal Family,[40] and attended a meeting with British Prime Minister Gordon Brown at 10 Downing Street the following day. Afterwards, she described the meeting as "extremely positive", and praised Mr Brown, saying, "I trust him. I rely on him. And I know that he has now taken this matter into his own hands and so today is a very good day."[41]

However, on the day following the meeting with Brown, five Gurkha veterans who had applied for residency in the United Kingdom received letters telling them that their appeals had been rejected – many saw this as a betrayal, despite the fact that for the letters to have been received the day after the meeting they might have been sent before it (and certainly after the 29 April Commons vote). Ms Lumley confronted Phil Woolas at the BBC Westminster studios about the issue and, after pursuing him around the studio, the pair held an impromptu press conference in which Woolas agreed to accept Gurkha Justice Campaign input in developing new guidelines by July while giving sympathetic treatment to Gurkhas not meeting the then current immigration guidelines before the development of new guidelines.[42][43]

Following a Commons Home Affairs Committee meeting in which talks were held between campaigners, the Ministry of Defence and the Home Office on 19 May, Gordon Brown announced to the House of Commons on 20 May that the Home Secretary Jacqui Smith would make a statement on the issue the following day.[44] Ms Smith subsequently announced that all Gurkha veterans who had served four years or more in the British Army before 1997 would be allowed to settle in Britain.[45]

As a result of her campaigning skills, there were calls for Joanna Lumley to stand as a Member of Parliament at the forthcoming general election. However, she has dismissed the suggestion.[46] During an appearance on Friday Night with Jonathan Ross on 29 May, she reiterated that she had no desire to run for election to the House of Commons.

In July 2009, Lumley went on a visit to Nepal, upon her arrival at Tribhuvan International Airport she was greeted by crowds of Gurkha supporters, Lumley said in a statement, "I feel so humbled by the fact I'm going to meet so many ex-Gurkhas and their families, and see where they are and how they live."[47] Whilst there, Lumley was hailed 'Daughter of Nepal' by the crowds of fans at the airport.[48]

In August 2010, Lumley teamed up with British food company Sharwood's to help develop a limited edition Mango Chutney with Kashmiri Chilli, an ingredient from her birthplace. Sharwood’s will donate 10p from each jar sold to the Gurkha Welfare Trust.[49]

Work for Survival International[edit source | edit]Main article: Survival International
Lumley has long been a supporter of Survival International and the cause of indigenous rights, and narrated Survival's documentary, Mine: story of a sacred mountain.[50][51] The film tells the story of the remote Dongria Kondha tribe in India and their battle to stop a vast bauxite mine from destroying their land and way of life. In defence of the Dongria, she has said,

"It greatly disturbs me that a British company will be responsible for the destruction of these wonderful people. I urge the public to support the Dongria, who simply want to be allowed to live in peace. Unlike so many of India's rural poor, the Dongria actually live very well in the Niyamgiri hills, and it's a terrible irony that what Vedanta is proposing to do in the name of 'development' will actually destroy this completely self-sufficient people."[52]

Lumley also contributed her writing for the book We Are One: A Celebration of Tribal Peoples, released in October 2009 with profits going in support of Survival.[53] A collection of photographs, statements from tribal people and essays from international authors, the book explores the richness of the cultures of indigenous peoples around the world and the risks to their existence. In her essay for the book, Lumley speaks of the Dongria way of life and the threats they face in the name of corporate interests, and calls for action to stop such decisions.[54]

Patron of Tree Aid[edit source | edit]Lumley has been a patron of the UK charity Tree Aid,[55] since 1993. Tree Aid is a charity which enables communities in Africa's drylands to fight poverty and become self-reliant, while improving the environment.

Patron of PENHA[edit source | edit]Joanna Lumley is also a patron of the Pastoral and Environmental Network in the Horn of Africa, or PENHA.[56][clarification needed]. PENHA is an international NGO, founded in 1989 and based on the commitment of professionals and development workers from the Horn of Africa to address issues of pastoral concerns from a regional prospective. Lumley's commitment to support the pastoral communities of the Horn of Africa is of paramount importance to PENHA.

Patron of Peter Pan Moat Brae Trust[edit source | edit]Ms Lumley is patron of the Peter Pan Moat Brae Trust.[57] Moat Brae was the favourite place for author J.M. Barrie to play as a child and the house and gardens are said to have inspired Barrie to create Peter Pan. The trust is undertaking a £4 million fundraising project[58][59] to renovate the Georgian house and gardens to operate as an educational and cultural centre for local schools and JM Barrie enthusiasts and scholars.

Patron of Trust in Children[edit source | edit]Joanna Lumley is patron of the UK charity Trust in Children [60] which aims to help children from poor backgrounds to access education and opportunities for non-academic development.

Influence[edit source | edit]In February 2013 she was assessed as one of the 100 most powerful women in the United Kingdom by Woman's Hour on BBC Radio 4.[61]

Personal life[edit source | edit]Following her rise to fame, Lumley revealed that she had been an unmarried mother during the 1960s when it was socially unacceptable; her son, James, was born in 1967. James Lumley's natural father is the photographer Michael Claydon and is of Anglo Indian ethnicity. The first of her two subsequent marriages was to comedy writer Jeremy Lloyd (Are You Being Served? see early career). In 1986, she married conductor Stephen Barlow; they live in London.[62] They also have a house near the village of Penpont in Southern Scotland.[8][63] Lumley is a grandmother to her son's two daughters, Alice and Emily.[62] She was listed as one of the fifty best-dressed over 50s by the Guardian in March 2013.[64]

Lumley was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1995. She is also a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (FRGS). She was made an honorary Doctor of Letters by the University of Kent in July 1994.[65] In 2006, she was awarded an honorary degree from the University of St. Andrew's[66] and in July 2008, she was also awarded an honorary doctorate from Queen's University Belfast.[67][68]

Alongside her work for the Gurkhas, Lumley is a supporter of many charities, including Suffolk Family Carers and Kids for Kids. She has been a vegetarian for forty years,[69] and a keen supporter of animal rights charities, including CIWF[62] and Viva!. She has donated signed books for the literacy and international development charity Book Aid International. She is patron of the Born Free Foundation and passionate about the Free Tibet campaign.

Other charities supported include Mind, ActionAid, SANE, Kidasha (formerly CWS) which works on behalf of children in Nepal, and the Spike Milligan statue memorial fund.[70]

Lumley was named an Honorary Patron of the University Philosophical Society, Trinity College, Dublin.[citation needed]. Lumley supports the Burma Campaign UK, an NGO that aims to stop the oppression of the Burmese people by the military regime.[citation needed]

Film and TV credits[edit source | edit]Film
Year Title Role Notes
1969 Some Girls Do Uncredited
On Her Majesty's Secret Service The English Girl
1970 The Breaking of Bumbo Susie
Games That Lovers Play Fanny Hill
Tam-Lin Georgia
1971 The House That Dripped Blood Uncredited
1973 Don't Just Lie There, Say Something! Giselle Parkyn
The Satanic Rites of Dracula Jessica Van Helsing
1982 Trail of the Pink Panther Marie Jouvet
1983 Curse of the Pink Panther Countess Chandra
1989 Shirley Valentine Marjorie Majors
1995 Innocent Lies Lady Helena Graves
1996 James and the Giant Peach Aunt Spiker
Cold Comfort Farm Mrs. Mary Smiling Film was released theatrically in the United States the year after it premiered on television in the United Kingdom
1997 Prince Valiant Morgan le Fay
1999 Parting Shots Freda
Mad Cows Gillian
2000 Maybe Baby Sheila
Whispers: An Elephant's Tale Half Tusk (voice)
2001 The Cat's Meow Elinor Glyn
2003 Standing Room Only Last in Line Short film
2004 EuroTrip Hostel Clerk
Ella Enchanted Dame Olga
2005 The Magic Roundabout Ermintrude
Corpse Bride Maudeline Everglot
2006 Dolls Madame Muscat Short film
2009 Boogie Woogie Alfreda Rhinegold
2011 Late Bloomers Charlotte
2013 The Wolf of Wall Street Aunt Emma To be released
2014 She's Funny That Way Filming
Television
Year Title Role Notes
1969 The Wednesday Play Elsie Engelfield 1 episode
1971 It's Awfully Bad For Your Eyes, Darling Samantha Ryder-Ross TV series
1972 Steptoe and Son Bunty 1 episode 'Loathe Story'
1973 Coronation Street Elaine Perkins 8 episodes
1973–75 Are You Being Served? Miss French/German Lady 2 episodes 'His and Hers', 'German Week'
1976 The Cuckoo Waltz Harriet Paulden 1 episode 'Babysitter'
1976–77 The New Avengers Purdey 26 episodes. BAFTA win – "Special Award" (2000) (shared with Honor Blackman, Diana Rigg & Linda Thorson)
1979 The Plank Hitchhiker
1979–82 Sapphire & Steel Sapphire 34 episodes
1981–85 The Kenny Everett Television Show Various 5 episodes
1982 The Weather in the Streets Kate TV film
1984 Mistral's Daughter Lally Longbridge TV mini-series
The Glory Boys Helen TV film
Oxbridge Blues Gigi 1 episode 'That Was Tory'
1986 The Two Ronnies Miss Dibley 1 episode
1990 A Ghost in Monte Carlo Lady Drayton TV film
1991 A Perfect Hero Loretta Stone TV miniseries
1992 Lovejoy Victoria Cavero 3 episodes
1992–1996
2001–2004
2011–2012 Absolutely Fabulous Patsy Stone 39 episodes. British Comedy Award win – "Best Comedy Actress" (1993)
BAFTA win – "Best Light Entertainment Performance" (1993)
BAFTA win – "Best Comedy Performance" (1995)
BAFTA nomination – "Best Comedy Performance" (1996)
BAFTA nomination – "Best Comedy Performance" (1997)
BAFTA nomination – "Best Comedy Performance" (2002)
1993 Cluedo Mrs. Peacock 6 episodes
1994 Girl Friday TV series
1994–95 Class Act Kate Swift 14 episodes
1995 Cold Comfort Farm Mrs. Mary Smiling Premiered on television in the United Kingdom, and was shown theatrically in the United States the following year
The Forgotten Toys Annie (voice) Animated series
1996 Roseanne Patsy Stone 1 episode 'Satan, Darling'
1998 The Tale of Sweeney Todd Mrs. Lovett TV film
Coming Home Diana Carey-Lewis TV serial
A Rather English Marriage Liz Franks TV film. BAFTA nomination – "Best Actress"
1999 Alice in Wonderland Tiger Lily TV film
Nancherrow Diana Carey-Lewis TV film
Foxbusters Sims (voice) Animation series
Dr Willoughby Donna Sinclair 1 series of 6 episodes
1999 Doctor Who Comic Relief Thirteenth Doctor Doctor Who Comic Relief special: The Curse of Fatal Death
2000 Mirrorball Jackie Riviera Pilot
2002 Up in Town Madison Blakelock TV series. British Comedy Award nomination – "Best Comedy Actress"
2004, 2009 Agatha Christie's Marple Dolly Bantry 2 episodes 'The Body in the Library' & 'The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side'
2005–07 Sensitive Skin Davina Jackson 12 episodes
2006–2008 Jam & Jerusalem Delilah Stagg 6 episodes
2009 Lewis Esme Ford 1 episode 'Counter Culture Blues'
2010 Mistresses Vivienne Roden 4 episodes
2011 Uptown Downstairs Abbey Comic Relief Mrs. Danvers/herself Red Nose Day 2011
2012 Little Crackers Magazine Editor 1 episode; "Joanna Lumley's Little Cracker: Baby, Be Blonde"
The Making of a Lady Lady Maria Byrne TV film
Subject: Friday 16/8/2013 to Thursday 29/8/2013==Qantas profit report=options lowest 110 highest 135


Author:

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Date Posted: 09:12:46 08/21/13 Wed

16 August 2013 #439 Cover Story: Make Me Smile

Photograph © Matt Hoyle
Our annual fiction edition is here, and this year we present some truly fantastical interpretations of our theme, ‘Make Me Smile’. Inside you’ll find office pirates, apocalyptic bucket lists, slimy bosses and scentless monsters. We have chosen 13 standout stories from nearly 300 entries – a wonderful mixture of pitch-black humour, haunting tales and outlandish silliness. The design of the edition is also in keeping with the theme. In between stories, you’ll see some of the world’s funniest people photographed by US-based celebrity photographer Matt Hoyle. From covergirl Joanna Lumley to Ricky Gervais, Tim Minchin, Jennifer Saunders and John Cleese – we’re featuring great comedians striking grin-inducing poses. Best of all, the fiction edition has an extra 16 pages. Great fiction, funny photography and excellent value for money!

Also in this issue:
Our ‘Vendor Profile’ interviewee is Paul from Adelaide. And our ‘Streetsheet’ contributors are Stevo in Perth, Sharon and Dangerous Dave in Melbourne, John C in Brisbane, Daniel K in Adelaide and Jason in Sydney. Jason is also pictured hanging out with celebrity chefs Heston Blumenthal and Neil Perry.
Subject: World Press freedom day Unesco Friday 3/5/2013==abtteries Oklahoma


Author:
Kerry Obrien elections ABC TV Wednesday 21/8/2013
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Date Posted: 09:06:12 08/21/13 Wed

Subject: International Sex Day


Author:
Wednesday 21/8/2013 financial week 8 calendar 34
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Date Posted: 08:45:29 08/21/13 Wed


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.« Blogging Law in the Philippines by Senator Juan Ponce EnrilePhilip Morris executive Robert Blair Carabuena suspended while MMDA officer Saturnino Fabros got promoted »International Sex Day - August 21 2012



International Sex Day is another worldwide event and another celebration yet to be verified. Two months ago several people from various parts of the globe celebrated 'NO Panty Day'. The said event was observed on June 22, 2012. Two weeks after, another world event took place, it was called "National No Bra Day" or simply 'No Bra Day' where it encourages women not to wear bra for the entire 24 hours. These two events lack verification from reputable sources. However, among the two, 'No Bra Day' was a bit successful because of the facebook fanpage which claims the actual numbers of women who participated the event.

"International Sex day" is also a very straight forward phrase which explicitly encourages two people to indulge in sexual acts. Yes, devote an entire 24 hours to sex.

I aim to look for a credible source of this topic and again who do I have to ask that from? Of course, google search is the primary source. Let me present to you some relevant information I gathered from the web.

One of the pages of Urbandictionary.com says:

"On August 21st, we celebrate International Sex Day. This holiday originally thought up by Canadians[sic] got a following after being mentioned on Gossipbees, a Los Angeles based gossip webpage. It basically is a day that encourage people to have sex, any and all kinds of sex, as long as its intercourse. Of course it has to be concential...."

It mentioned a source-Gossipbees.com. I scanned through the pages of Gossipbees, I found an article dated August 21, 2009 entitled "Daily Buzz for Friday, August 21, 2009". Friday seems to have a lot of events. It was also mentioned before that 'No Bra Day" should be observed on a friday though July 9 didn't really fall on a friday. Anyways, going back to Gossipbees, here are some information I collated.

1. It made mention of "Friday". June 22, 2012 - No Panty Day, it was a also friday
2. International Sex Day is the grand daddy of all holidays
3. The holiday itself originated in Canada
4. Various holidays on the same date - Poet’s Day, Men’s Grooming Day, National Spumoni Day

Meanwhile, alternet.org noted that a student Jonathan Yaniv started a Facebook event "National Sex Day 2008." The event is basically what it sounds like, picking a day and devoting it to sex. According to the article, Yaniv will be providing free condoms.




Facebook related pages:

https://www.facebook.com/internationalsexday

There is also a 'National Sex Day" facebook fanpage which indicates that the event happens every June 9 which is apparently 6/9 on the calendar.

But let us not ruin this date that much. In United States, Proclamation 5847 is National Senior Citizens Day, 1988.

The Congress, by House Joint Resolution 138, has designated August 21, 1988, as ``National Senior Citizens Day'' and authorized and requested the President to issue a proclamation in observance of this event.

Now, Therefore, I, Ronald Reagan, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim August 21, 1988, as National Senior Citizens Day. I call upon the people of the United States to observe this day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

In the Philippines, August 21, is Ninoy Aquino Day. It's the assassination anniversary of the well-known critic of President Ferdinand Marcos, Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino Jr.

Whether the event is true or not. Whether you celebrate International Sex Day or not. Just remember, always practice safe sex.





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Subject: 1/11/2010 ==Biodiversity


Author:
Nature and Environment ABC Question debate K Rudd T Abbot Brisbane Town Hall 2nd debate Wednesday 21/8/2013
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Date Posted: 08:25:31 08/21/13 Wed


Nature and Environment
Because at 160,000 years, the party is just getting started.

inShare.

United Nations Names 2010 International Year of Biodiversity
1/11/2010 9:20:01 AM


By Sean Rosner


Tags: United Nations, Biodiversity

At a ceremony today in Berlin, the United Nations will declare 2010 as the International Year of Biodiversity in an effort to raise awareness of the importance of biodiversity ­— the variety of life around the world — and how human activity is threatening it.

The campaign will be marked by a series of events that will aim to influence the thinking of the world’s decision makers in hopes that they will change their practices and policies to become more environmentally friendly. The first of these events will take place on January 21 and 22 in Paris, where the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) will meet, bringing together many world leaders. The Convention on Biological Diversity, which is part of the United Nations Environment Programme, is heading the campaign.

Many species are facing extinction due to changing climates. In December, the International Union for Conservation of Nature released Species and Climate Change, a report that highlighted the way climate change is destroying the habitat of plants and animals around the world. Campaign leaders stress that a breakdown in any part of the world’s natural food system, such as the extinction of a species, can have severe consequences on the entire living network.

For more information on the campaign, see the Convention on Biological Diversity’s 2010 International Year of Biodiversity page.



Read more: http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/international-year-biodiversity.aspx#ixzz2cYgA7mKe
Subject: Room inspection Tuesday 20/8/2013 radio bookeepers day==financial week 8


Author:
done on Coke profit report==122.5 low Qantas
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Date Posted: 02:05:56 08/21/13 Wed

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Coca-Cola Amatil has reported a 12 per cent fall in half-year net profit due to tougher trading conditions for its products in supermarkets and grocery stores.

The company made a net profit of $216 million for the six months to June 30, down from $246 million for the same time last year.

Coca-Cola Amatil expects its full year earnings to be down as much as four per cent on the previous year, before significant items.

The company said the half-year result was affected by a 10 per cent fall in Australian beverage earnings due to aggressive competitor pricing in supermarkets.

"As a result, CCA invested in higher levels of market support and promotional activity which impacted price realisation and profitability for the half," the company said in a statement.

The company's non-alcoholic beverages and alcohol, food and services divisions both reported a 3.5 per cent drop in revenue during the half-year.

Group managing director Terry Davis said the company was restructuring its SPCA SPCA fruit and vegetable processing business and had recorded strong growth from its Indonesian operations.

He said the company was working to reduce costs and improve its market performance.

"While the Australian non-grocery business continues to perform well, the trading conditions in the grocery channel continue to be challenging," he said.

"A number of initiatives are being undertaken to improve the operating performance with a strong summer promotional and marketing program and a number of new product launches in the pipeline."
Subject: The mood on the ground in Melbourne Ports, Gellibrand, Macmillan, Braddon, Bass and Bruce is fantsastic - terrific, upbeat campaign teams are making a real difference!


Author:
Monday 19/8/2013==financial 8
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Date Posted: 01:42:18 08/21/13 Wed

Christopher Pyne
The mood on the ground in Melbourne Ports, Gellibrand, Macmillan, Braddon, Bass and Bruce is fantsastic - terrific, upbeat campaign teams are making a real difference!
Like · · Share · 2752613 · August 19 at 5:55pm · Top Comments275 people like this...13 shares.Write a comment....Christopher Pyne That's "fantastic" rather than "fantsastic'.Like · Reply · 15 · August 19 at 5:56pm..2 Replies.Helen Aldridge Just saw your posters in the back of a car boot!! :-)) Get them up ASAP...Like · Reply · 9 · August 19 at 5:58pm via mobile..View 24 more comments..
Subject: 29/1/1988==start date BHP room inspection profit report Tuesday 20/8/2013==conforms to 52 week high 20/2/2013==39.34


Author:
Tuesday 20/8/2013 BHP profit report room inspection (122.5LowQan)
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Date Posted: 01:17:24 08/21/13 Wed


29/1/1988==start date BHP room inspection profit report Tuesday 20/8/2013==conforms to 52 week high 20/2/2013==39.34


Trading Information
Stock Price History
Beta: N/A
52-Week Change3: 10.19%
S&P500 52-Week Change3: 16.48%
52-Week High (20/02/2013)3: 39.34
52-Week Low (25/06/2013)3: 30.43
50-Day Moving Average3: 34.33
200-Day Moving Average3: 34.27

Share Statistics
Avg Vol (3 month)3: 8,257,050
Avg Vol (10 day)3: 7,691,350
Shares Outstanding5: 5.32B
Float: 5.31B
% Held by Insiders1: N/A
% Held by Institutions1: N/A
Shares Short 3: N/A
Short Ratio 3: N/A
Short % of Float 3: N/A
Shares Short (prior month)3: N/A




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The BHP Billiton logo
BHP profit falls 30 per cent
Global resources giant BHP Billiton's full year profit has fallen by 29.5 per cent to $12.03 billion ($US10.9 billion).
A construction crane is reflected on the Reserve Bank of Australia building in central Sydney
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AUD / USD0.9094-0.0025-0.27%AUD/USD
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Subject: Room inspection cockroack Bathroom Tuesday 20/8/2013-Day of Restoration of Independence in Estonia (1991); St. Stephen's Day in Hungary


Author:
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Date Posted: 16:35:46 08/20/13 Tue

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Subject: Tuesday 20/8/2013Read laterElection live: Day 16==Room Inspection bathroom Cokroach


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Carve-up may allot Tony a big bite

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Editor's picks All the dirt on carbon

Both main parties agree we need to cut greenhouse gas emissions. But which approach is better? Tom Arup and Ben Cubby report.

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Barney Zwartz An 'accidental' singer with a giant reputation treads a fine line between Wagner and recital.

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Subject: Time after Time Monday 19/8/2013=Fin 8


Author:
Cyndia Lauper Friday 19/7/2013 to Thursday 1/8/2013 issue 437
[ Edit | View ]

Date Posted: 09:52:32 08/19/13 Mon

Monday 19/8/2013==fin 8 CBD
big issue tweets
Buy the new Make Me Smile edition from Funny lady Denise Scott who is selling on the steps of Flinders Station, Melb this morning 8.30-9! (about 4 hours ago)
#StreetSocceroos star Susie was awarded TWO Match Balls @homelesswrldcup playing Eng and Cze! http://t.co/mQ5oXALr5L http://t.co/9jRw7wWfMj (3 days ago)

Here's editor Alan Attwood on judging the fiction edition (it's deliciously fact-free, on sale right now, & just $6!) http://t.co/Q9qhDnZHC4 (3 days ago)

Go Aussie Go! Our star #StreetSocceroos take out their first win against England @homelesswrldcup winning in an exciting penalty shoot out! (3 days ago)

Special Fiction Edition is out now! Thanks to the @CopyrightAgency Cultural Fund who helped us launch it this morning http://t.co/GdN36RB9MO (3 days ago)

Our Sydney women were delighted to welcome NSW politician @nmaclarenjones today to their shift! Wonderful to have your support! (4 days ago)

Sydney Big Issue supporters! Join us tomorrow for the launch of the special Fiction Edition at the Sydney Big Issue office in Redfern 9-10! (4 days ago)

Day 4 at @homelesswrldcup: #StreetSocceroos vs Luxembourg 3-9. Star Geoff scored the exciting first goal of the day! http://t.co/gFt3tJbTiK (4 days ago)
follow the big issue
===========================
19 July 2013 #437
Cover Story: Original Cyndi

Thirty years after she became a global star, “that wacky chick” from Queens, New York, is back as a serious talent on Broadway and will soon tour Australia. Clem Bastow offers a personal account of the music, career and causes of the inimitable Cyndi Lauper.



This edition’s ‘Vendor Profile’ features a couple: Andrew and Teri, married 24 years, both sell The Big Issue in Geelong, Victoria. And on ‘Streetsheet’ we have contributions from Manny R in Sydney, Jock in Perth, Bill in Fremantle, WA, and De, Conrad and Matthew G in Melbourne. On our ‘Your Say’ page, we have a picture of Sydney vendor Marcus, who has received loads of Facebook messages from well-wishers since announcing his plans to run the City2Surf fun run.
Subject: Chicago Option Dow Friday 16/8/2013==Elvis


Author:
Report 56 calendar Saturday 20/7==Saturday 14/9==Australian Time
[ Edit | View ]

Date Posted: 09:30:30 08/19/13 Mon

U.S. Stocks Decline, Extending Dow's Weekly Slump
17/08/2013 6:31AM


--Stocks edge lower, extending weekly slide

--Dow average posts largest weekly drop since June 2012

--Housing starts, building permits weaker than expected


By Matt Jarzemsky


U.S. stocks declined Friday, with a late-day selloff sending the Dow average to its biggest weekly slide in over a year.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 30.72 points, or 0.2%, to 15081.47, reversing gains in the last half hour of the session. The move followed steeper declines earlier in the week, adding up to a 2.2% drop for the benchmark, the biggest since June 2012.

The S&P 500 dropped 5.49 points, or 0.3%, to 1655.83. The Nasdaq Composite Index ticked down 3.34 points, or 0.1%, to 3602.78.

"We've been in a market that has rallied quite substantially," said Scott Glasser, co-chief investment officer at ClearBridge Investments, which oversees $71 billion in New York. "This week's action is a reflection of a tired market that had probably become too overbought short term."

Year-to-date, the Dow is up 15% and the S&P 500 has gained 16%. The Dow has fallen 3.7% since its Aug. 2 record close.

"You had a series of events to give investors either the reason or the excuse to take some money off the table," Mr. Glasser added. "You have heightened fears about Egypt, you have more fears about the timing of 'tapering,' and you had a series of high-profile companies from an earnings perspective that have either missed expectations or only met expectations for a market where expectations were high."

Signs of improvement in the labor market, such as a better-than-expected jobless-claims report Thursday, have fueled speculation the Federal Reserve will scaling back--or "taper"--its stimulus efforts as early as September. Concerns about the Fed remained apparent in the bond market Friday, where selling in the 10-year Treasury note pushed its yield up to 2.827%. The yield saw its largest weekly increase since June.

Nordstrom's shares dropped 4.9% Friday after the department-store operator cut its profit forecast for the year. Men's retailer Jos. A. Bank fell 7% after forecasting quarterly results that fell far short of projections. The moves followed selling in bellwethers Cisco Systems and Wal-Mart Stores on Thursday, after executives' remarks about their respective demand outlooks disappointed investors.

On the economic front, U.S. housing starts rose 5.9% in July, weighed down by a drop in single-family home construction, the Commerce Department reported. The result lagged behind economists' forecast for an 8.9% rise. The number of new housing permits rose 2.7%, just shy of economists' projections.

Readings on second-quarter productivity and unit labor costs increased more than expected. U.S. consumers began August feeling less positive about the economy, according to the Thomson Reuters and University of Michigan's consumer-sentiment index.

August gold futures tacked on 0.7% to $1,371.70 an ounce, extending the previous session's jump to eight-week highs amid continued Middle East tensions. September crude-oil futures rose 0.1% to settle at $107.46 a barrel. The dollar gained ground against both the euro and the yen.

Asian markets were highlighted by a wild session in China, as the Shanghai Composite shot up as much as 5.6% in intraday trading before closing down 0.6%. The early spike was attributed to problems in the arbitrage system of Shanghai-based brokerage firm China Everbright Securities. The Shanghai Stock Exchange said it was investigating the issue.

Meanwhile, Japan's Nikkei Stock Average fell 0.8%.

European stocks ended mostly higher. The Stoxx Europe 600 gained 0.3%, capping its third-straight weekly advance.



Write to Matt Jarzemsky at matthew.jarzemsky@wsj.com



(END) Dow Jones Newswires

August 16, 2013 16:31 ET (20:31 GMT)

Copyright (c) 2013 Dow Jones & Company, Inc.



Previous Stories
17/08/2013 6:08AM S&P 500 Declines 5.49 (0.33%) to 1655.83; Closes at Lowest Level Since July 10 (headline only)
17/08/2013 6:07AM DJIA Loses 30.72 (0.20%) to 15081.47; Verizon, Pfizer Pace Decliners (headline only)
17/08/2013 6:06AM Nasdaq Slips 3.34 (0.09%) to 3602.78; Utilities, Telecom Lead Sector Decliners (headline only)
17/08/2013 6:02AM DJIA Closes at Lowest Level Since July 3 (headline only)
17/08/2013 6:01AM U.S. Stocks Close Slightly Lower; Suffer Second-Straight Weekly Loss (headline only)
17/08/2013 6:01AM DJIA, S&P 500 Suffer Fifth Loss in Six Sessions (headline only)
Subject: Chicago Options Start date Failure Cupcake dayThursday 15/8/2013 ==End date Wednesday 21/8/2013=sex day


Author:
lows
[ Edit | View ]

Date Posted: 09:26:40 08/19/13 Mon

Thursday 15/8/2013==low==1.215
Friday 16/8/2013=Elvis1977=1.230

16/08/2013 1.235 1.260 1.230 1.245 6,657,852 8,321,029.475 1,709
15/08/2013 1.215 1.255 1.215 1.250 11,708,749 14,536,047.308 2,768
Subject: 1752 in Great Britain==Saturday 14/9/2013==257/108 calendar 37


Author:
1752 English cricket season financial 76/289 fin wk 11 (total48x2=96)
[ Edit | View ]

Date Posted: 03:22:54 08/19/13 Mon

1752 in Great Britain
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
1752 in Great Britain:
Other years
1750 | 1751 | 1752 | 1753 | 1754
Sport
1752 English cricket season

Events from the year 1752 in the Kingdom of Great Britain.

Contents
[hide]
1 Incumbents
2 Events
2.1 Undated
3 Publications
4 Births
5 Deaths
6 References
7 See also
Incumbents[edit source | edit]
Monarch - King George II
Prime Minister - Henry Pelham, Whig
Events[edit source | edit]
1 January - The British Empire (except Scotland, which already had it) adopts the Gregorian calendar: today is the first day of the New Year.[1]
26 February - First performance of Handel's oratorio Jephtha in London.[1]
17 March - Parliament passes a bill to bestow estates forfeited by Jacobites to the Crown and to use the revenue to develop the Scottish Highlands.[1]
1 June - Murder Act 1751 comes into effect, providing that the bodies of hanged murderers should suffer public dissection or (for men) hanging in the gibbet.[2]
14 June - Robert Clive forces the surrender of French troops in the aftermath of the Siege of Trichinopoly in India.[1]
3 September–13 September inclusive - These dates are omitted from the calendar in Britain as part of the adoption of the Gregorian calendar to correct the discrepancy between the Old Style and New Style dates. There are some riots in London over the perceived loss of the days.[1]
Undated[edit source | edit]
Foundation of what will become the Manchester Royal Infirmary as a cottage hospital in Garden Street, Manchester, by Charles White (surgeon).[1]
Publications[edit source | edit]
Letters on the Study of History, Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke posthumously.[1]
Essay on Musical Expression, Charles Avison.[1]
Births[edit source | edit]
18 January
Josiah Boydell, painter and publisher (died 1817)
John Nash, architect (died 1835)
March - Edward Jones (Bardd y Brenin), Welsh harpist (died 1824)
21 April - Humphry Repton, garden designer (died 1818)
13 June - Fanny Burney, novelist and diarist (died 1840)
30 July - Valentine Quin, 1st Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl, Irish peer (died 1824)
20 November - Thomas Chatterton, poet (died 1770)
Deaths[edit source | edit]
16 January - Francis Blomefield, topographer (born 1705)
3 May - Samuel Ogle, provincial Governor of Maryland (born 1694)
23 May - William Bradford, printer (born 1663)
16 June - Joseph Butler, priest and theologian (born 1692)
22 August - William Whiston, mathematician (born 1667)
6 November - Ralph Erskine, minister (born 1685)
8 November - James of the Glen, wrongfully hanged as an accessory to the Appin Murder in Scotland (year of birth unknown)
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